The ride was not finished (306)
(Part three hundred six), Depok, West Java, Indonesia, 10
July 2015, 10:07 pm)
Ramadan, Fasting and Prayer.
Ramadan (fasting month) in Indonesia is identical to the
Taraweeh prayer (sunnah prayers) in the mosque, and fast.
This habit has become a culture of Indonesian people, not
because of the command of Allah and His Messenger.
Because even if a person has not carried out his daily
obligatory prayers (prayers five times), but usually they remain busy to meet
the Taraweeh prayer (sunnah prayers in congregation in the month of Ramadan.
Likewise fasting, although one does not practice the
obligatory prayers five times a day, still they diligently Taraweeh prayer, and
fasting especially in the first week of Ramadan.
Whereas Taraweeh prayer is sunnah (not required). Prophet
Muhammad himself while still alive to pray Taraweeh in congregation is only
three days of the first month of Ramdhan, while the 4th day until the end of
Ramadan, pray at home with the children and his wife.
Prophet Muhammad reasoned, he did not want his people to
assume later Taraweeh prayer is obligatory, so afraid burdensome Muslims.
And the Prophet afraid Taraweeh prayers so required, to
forget and neglect the obligatory prayers five times, which is now being
carried out in part of the Indonesian people.
Though prayer five times a day is the second most
important pillars of Islam, after reciting Tauhid, Laillahailaulah
Muhammadarasullah (There is no Illah that must be worshiped except Allah, and
Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah), and then the third fasting, zakat
rmembayar fourth and fifth Pilgrimage / Umrah if able.
That is why when we are in the reckoning and resurrected
on the Day of Resurrection, who first asked God is on our prayers, we pray that
there are no problems, then other problems will be smoothly.
Positions Prayer In Islam
By
Shaikh Abdullah bin Abdul al-Azhim Khalafi
There are five obligatory prayers: noon, 'Asr, Maghrib,'
Isha 'and Fajr.
From Anas ibn Malik radi anhu, he said, "On the night
of Isra '(when the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam was raised to the sky)
are required to the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam pray fifty times.
Then reduced to five times. Then he called out, 'O Muhammad, the real decision
on my side can not be changed. And verily you (the reward) of five is like
(reward) and fifty '. "[1]
Of Talha bin 'Ubaidullah radi anhu, he tells us that once
a Bedouin Arab straggly hair came to the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam
and said, "O Messenger of Allah, let me pray what God required of
me." He replied:
الصلوات الخمس إلا أن تطوع شيئا.
"Prayer five times a day, unless you want to add
something (from the sunnah prayer)." [2]
Positions Prayer In Islam
From 'Abdullah bin' Umar radi anhu, he said that the Prophet
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
بني الإسلام على خمس, شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدا عبده
ورسوله, وإقام الصلاة, وإيتاء الزكاة وحج البيت, وصوم رمضان.
"Islam is built upon five (cases): the testimony
that there is no god who has the right diibadahi but Allah and Muhammad is the
Messenger of Allah, establish regular prayer, issued alms, pilgrimage to the
House, and fasting Ramadan." [3]
A. Legal person who did Salah
The entire Islamic Ummah agreed that those who deny the
necessity of prayer, so he is an infidel and out of Islam. But they disagree
about the people who still believe in leaving the prayer with its legal
obligations. Because of their dispute is the existence of a number of hadith of
the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam who call people who left prayers as
the heathen, without distinguishing between those who deny and lazy to do it.
From Jabir radi anhu, he said that the Prophet
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
إن بين الرجل وبين الشرك والكفر ترك الصلاة.
"Surely (boundary) between shirk and kufr someone
with the prayer is left." [4]
From Buraidah, he said, "I heard the Prophet
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
العهد الذي بيننا وبينهم الصلات, فمن تركها فقد كفر.
'The agreement between us and them is prayer. Whoever
leaves, then he is a disbeliever. '"[5]
But rajih of the opinions of the scholars', that is the
kufr kufr here is not put out small religion. This is the result of a
compromise between these hadiths with some other traditions, including:
From 'Ubadah bin ash-Saamit radi anhu, he said, "I
heard the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said:
خمس صلوات كتبهن الله على العباد, من أتى بهن لم يضيع منهن شيئا
استخفافا بحقهن كان له عند الله عهد أن يدخله الجنة, ومن لم يأت بهن فليس له عند الله
عهد, إن شاء عذبه وإن شاء غفر له.
'Five prayers of Allah upon the servants are required.
Whoever do it and not waste any due regard lightly bit, then he has an
agreement de-with God to put it into Heaven. And whoever does not do it, then
he does not have a covenant with God. If He wills, then He mengadzabnya. Or if
He wills, He forgives. '"[6]
We conclude that the law left the prayer is still below
the degree of kufr and shirk. Because the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam
did not submit cases of people who do the will of God.
While Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala says:
إن الله لا يغفر أن يشرك به ويغفر ما دون ذلك لمن يشاء ومن يشرك
بالله فقد افترى إثما عظيما
"Verily Allah will not forgive the sin of shirk, and
He forgives all sins apart from (shirk), for whom He wills. Whoever is to
Allah, then indeed he has a great sin. "[An-Nisa ': 48]
From Abu Hurayrah radi anhu, he said, "I heard the
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,' Behold the first time brought to
account from a servant of the Muslims on the Day of Judgment is the obligatory
prayer. If he do it to perfection (he survived). If not, then say: Look, if he
has a sunnah prayers? If he has the sunnah prayer is obligatory to pray sunna
was refined by prayer. Then the whole practice of obligatory prayer was brought
to account as well. '"[7]
From Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman, he said that the Prophet
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "Islam will vanish as the
disappearance of the color in faded clothes. Until it is no longer known what
fasting, prayer, sacrifices, and Sadaqah. Qur'aan will be lifted in one night,
until not being left for a single verse in the earth. Stay class of human being
of the elderly and frail. They said, 'We find our fathers spoke the words: La
ilaha illallaah and we say it.' "Shilah said to him," Is not the
phrase laa ilaaha illallaah no benefit to them, if they do not know what that
is prayer, fasting, sacrifices, and Sadaqah? "
Then Hudhayfah turned away. Shilah repeated the question
three times. Each time it is also Hudhayfah turned away. On the third time,
Hudhayfah turned and said, "O shilah, a sentence that will save them from
hell. He repeated it three times. "[8]
B. To Whom Required?
Salah was compulsory for every Muslim who has baligh and
sensible
From 'Ali radi anhu, from the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi
wa sallam, he said:
رفع القلم عن ثلاثة: عن النائم حتى يستيقظ, وعن الصبي حتى يحتلم,
وعن المجنون حتى يعقل.
"Pena (charity recorders) is lifted from three
people: from those who sleep until waking, from children to baligh, and from
the crazy to come back unconscious." [9]
Mandatory on parents to send their children to pray
prayers even though it was not required, that it is familiar to his prayers.
From 'Amr ibn Shu'ayb, from his father, from his
grandfather, he said that the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said:
مروا أولادكم بالصلاة وهم أبناء سبع سنين, واضربوهم عليها وهم
أبناء عشر سنين, وفرقوا بينهم في المضاجع.
"Instruct your children to pray at the age of seven
years. And beat them for leaving him at the age of ten years. As well as their
separate beds. "[10]
[Copied from the book of Al-Sunnah wal Wajiiz FII Fiqhis
Kitaabil Aziiz, Author Shaikh Abdul Azhim bin Badawai al-Khalafi, Indonesia
Guide Fiqh Complete Edition, Translator Team Tashfiyah LIPIA - Jakarta, Ibn
Kathir Reader Publishers, Printed in Ramadan 1428 - September 2007M]
Ramadan Fasting leaving Including Great Sin
By
Ustadz Isma'il Abu Muslim al-Atsari
Fasting has a high status in Islam. He is one of the five
pillars of Islam. Whoever fasted to seek the pleasure of Allah Almighty and in
accordance with the guidance of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, then
he will achieve goodness and virtue are very large. Therefore the duty of the
Muslims regard fasting as well as possible.
MEANING FAST
In Arabic, fasting called by fasting or Shiyam, means
hold. As for the term shari'ah, Shaykh Muhammad ibn Salih al-'Utsaimin
rahimahullah said, "Shaum are: the worship of Allah Almighty to refrain
from eating, drinking, and everything cancel, ranging dawn (Sadiq) to sunset ,
(Syarhul Mumti ', 6/298)
TYPES OF FAST
The scholars mentioned that there are two fasting:
obligatory and sunnah fasting.
• Fasting is obligatory, such as the Ramadan fast,
kaffârah, and nadzar.
• sunnah fasting, as fasting on Mondays and Thursdays,
six days in Shawwal, fasting of Prophet Dawud, and others.
There was also the vice fasting, such as fasting on the
day of 'Eid al-Fitr and Adh-ha, fasting mutih, patigeni fasting, fasting to
seek pain, and others.
LAW OF RAMADAN FAST
Law Ramadan fasting is very well known by Muslims, which
shall, on the al-Qur'ân, al-Hadith, and ijma '. Whoever the obligation of
fasting Ramadan, then he becomes an infidel. (See al-Wajîz, p. 189)
Allah Almighty says.
يا أيها الذين آمنوا كتب عليكم الصيام كما كتب على الذين من
قبلكم لعلكم تتقون
"O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you as
it was prescribed for those before you, that you be cautious. [Al-Baqarah / 2:
183]
Ramadan fasting is one of the five pillars of Islam.
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
بني الإسلام على خمس شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدا رسول
الله وإقام الصلاة وإيتاء الزكاة والحج وصوم رمضان
"Islam is built on five pillars: the Creed La ilaha
illa Allah and Muhammad is the messenger; enforce prayer; give alms; Hajj; and
Ramadan fasting ". [HR. al-Bukhari, no. 8; Muslim, no. 16]
Shaykh Abdul 'Aziz al-Râjihi -hafizhahullâh- said,
"Whoever the obligation of fasting (Ramadan), then he infidels, apostates
from Islam. Because he had reneged on a big obligation and the pillars of the
pillars of Islam, and one case is known with certainty as the teachings of
Islam. Whoever recognizes the obligation of fasting Ramadan and yet he
deliberately breaking without udzur, meaning he has done a great sin, because
he judged the wicked with it, but not dikafirkan in the opinion of the most
powerful of the opinion Ulama. He should fast, and Ruler Muslims (should) sentenced
him to prison or flogging or both. Most Ulema said, "If someone
deliberately break the Ramadan fast without udzur, he became infidels".
[Ilmâm bi-ins Syai Ahkâmis Shiyam min, p. 1]
THREAT WITHOUT LEAVING RAMADAN FAST udzur (REASON)
Ramadan fasting is one of the five pillars of Islam, the
person who left it or underestimate it will get a painful punishment in the
hereafter.
Among the hadith and history of this chapter are:
عن أبي أمامة الباهلى قال سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم
يقول: بينا أنا نائم إذ أتانى رجلان فأخذا بضبعى فأتيا بى جبلا وعرا فقالا لى: اصعد
فقلت: إنى لا أطيقه فقالا: إنا سنسهله لك فصعدت حتى إذا كنت فى سواء الجبل إذا أنا
بأصوات شديدة فقلت: ما هذه الأصوات قالوا: هذا عواء أهل النار, ثم انطلق بى فإذا أنا
بقوم معلقين بعراقيبهم مشققة أشداقهم تسيل أشداقهم دما قال قلت: من هؤلاء قال: هؤلاء
الذين يفطرون قبل تحلة صومهم
From Abu Umamah al-Bâhili, he said: I heard the Messenger
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "When I was sleeping, suddenly there
were two men who came to me, holding both arms, then took me to a rugged
mountain. Both of them said to me, "Come!" I replied, "I can
not". Both of them said, "We will make it easier for you". So I
ride. When I was in the middle of the mountain, suddenly I heard loud voices,
then I asked, "What's that noise?" They replied, "That cry of
the population of hell". Then I was taken, suddenly I saw a group of
people depends (inversely) with the veins of their legs (at the top), the ends
of their mouths torn blood flow. I asked, "They are?" They replied,
"this and they are the ones who break the fast prematurely". [HR.
Nasa'i in as-Sunan al-Kubra, no. 3273; Ibn Hibbaan; Ibn Khuzaimah; Bayhaqi,
4/216; Al-Hakim, no. 1568; ath-Thabarani in Mu'jamul Kabir. Classed as saheeh
by al-Hakim, adh-Dhahabi, al-Haitsami. See: al-Jami 'li Ahkâmis Shiyam, 1/60]
In a hadith narrated:
عن أبي هريرة قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من أفطر
يوما من رمضان في غير رخصة رخصها الله له فلن يقبل منه الدهر كله
From Abu Hurayrah radi anhu, he said, "The Prophet
sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said," Whoever breaking day of (fasting)
month of Ramadan is not with (reason) Allâh give him relief, it will not be
accepted from him (though he fasted) a year everything. [HR. Ahmad, no. 9002;
Abu Dawud, no. 2396; Ibn Khuzaimah, no.1987; etc.]
However didha'ifkan hadith by Imam Ibn Khuzaimah, Shoaib
Shaikh al-Arnauth, Shaykh al-Albani, and others, because there is an unknown
narrator named Ibn Muqawwis.
Although this hadith is weak marfu '(history of the
Prophet), but a lot of history of the companions who strengthen it.
Narrated from Abdullah bin Mas'ud radi anhu that he said:
من أفطر يوما من رمضان من غير رخصة لقي الله به, وإن صام الدهر
كله, إن شاء غفر له, وإن شاء عذبه
Whoever breaking the day of (fasting) month of Ramadan
with no relief, he met Allah with him, even though he fasted all year, (but) if
Allah willed, He would forgive him, and if Allah willed, He would torture
". [History Thabarani, no. 9459, dihasankan by Shaykh al-Albani, but
history marfu 'didha'ifkan. See Dha'if -AL-Umm- Abi Dawud 2/275]
Narrated from Ali ibn Abi Talib radi anhu, that he said:
من أفطر يوما من رمضان متعمدا لم يقضه أبدا طول الدهر
Whoever breaking the day of (fasting) month of Ramadan on
purpose, fasting can not replace a full year ". [History of Ibn Hazm in
al-Muhalla, 6/184]
It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah radi anhu, that there
was a man breaking in Ramadan, he said:
لا يقبل منه صوم سنة
Fasting can not replace a full year. [History of Ibn Hazm
in al-Muhalla, 6/184]
Even friends of Ali bin Abi Talib flogging punishment
(punches) to people who break the fast in Ramadan, as mentioned in history:
عن عطاء بن أبي مروان, عن أبيه: أن علي بن أبي طالب أتي بالنجاشي
قد شرب الخمر في رمضان, فضربه ثمانين, ثم ضربه من الغد عشرين, وقال: ضربناك العشرين
لجرأتك على الله وإفطارك في رمضان.
Of Ata 'ibn Abi Maryam, from his father, that the
An-Najasyi exposed to Ali bin Abi Talib, he was drinking wine in Ramadan. Ali
hit 80 times, then the next day he hit it again 20 times. Ali said, "We
hit 20 times since kelancanganmu against Allah and because you break the fast
in Ramadan". [History of Ibn Hazm in al-Muhalla, 6/184]
an-Najasyi is a poet, named Qais bin 'Amr ibn al-Harith.
He followed Ali to Ali menderanya, then he ran to Mu'awiya. See: al-Jami 'li
Ahkâmis Shiyam, 1/60)
All the above history shows that leaving a day of fasting
in Ramadan without udzur is a major sin, then what if left whole month of
fasting? Of greater sin. Therefore, a person who wants to survive in his life,
let him carry out the commands of Allah and leave prohibitions prohibitions, so
grab the luck in the world and the hereafter.
Wallahul Musta'an.
[Copied from the magazine edition of As-Sunnah 09 / Year
XVII / 1434H / 2013. Published Lajnah Foundation Istiqomah Surakarta, Jl. Solo
- Solo Purwodadi Km.8 Selokaton Gondangrejo 57 183 Tel. 0271-858197 Fax
0271-858196]
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