By
Dr. Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Ahmad Ath-Thayyar
INTRODUCTION
Faith can be reduced and could also increase. He will grow with obedience and decreases with disobedience. Can also be increased by beristiqamah and reduced with irregularities.
Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala says:
والذين اهتدوا زادهم هدى وآتاهم تقواهم
"And those who receive guidance, God adds to their instructions and give them (children) piety." [Muhammad/47: 17]
Allaah also says:
ليزدادوا إيمانا مع إيمانهم
"In order to grow in their faith aside their faith (which already exists) ..." [al-Fat-h/48: 4]
Thus, fasting is worship noblest and most sublime. Where each syi'ar available to him is that disyari'atkan syi'ar ta'abbudiyyah can add to the faith. Therefore, the righteous people in every age and place in the month of Ramadan to know that there is a meaning that is not known by others. So therefore, they are not acquired good fortune of others, where they managed to purify the soul, purify themselves and defend the truth. In addition, their hearts filled with light, and lisanul things they say, "This is the path to jihad in the way of God and the rule of his sentence."
Shaykh 'Abdullah bin Mahmud said, "... The month of Ramadan is the month of the seriousness and persistence as well as a field for his servants. Also as a means to purify the heart from damage, pembelengguan lust, wickedness, and the iniquity. Therefore, anyone who plants kindness, then the result of the good will come back to him. At the time of the harvest, the doors of Paradise will be opened for him and closed all the doors of Hell. That is caused by human sincerity in worship as well as their efforts to compete in good deeds, which are multiply prayer, opened their arms to bershadaqah, connecting ties, be kind to the needy and orphans is also the needy, and multiply prayer, forgiveness, and reciting the Qur'an ... "[1]
Qiyamul Lail
Qiyamul Lail or often called the Tarawih is sunnah law for both men and women. Prayer is done after praying 'Isha', although united with plural taqdim done two cycles and two cycles before the Witr prayer. The time lasts until the end of the night. This can be done with a prayer in congregation or individually, but in congregation is better.
And that is from the words of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam:
"... من قام رمضان إيمانا واحتسابا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه ..."
"Anyone doing Qiyam Ramadan with full faith and expecting reward, it will be granted him forgiveness of his sins that have passed ..." [2]
What is meant by the full faith here is faith in God and His reward is prepared for people who do qiyamul Lail. And the meaning of the words of his' ihtisaaban 'means expecting reward from Allah, and it was not for riya' and sum'ah and also not seek wealth or honor.
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam has mensunnahkan Qiyam Ramadan with the congregation, then he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam leave it for fear of the prayer will be obliged to his people, and they are not able to fulfill this obligation.
It has been shown by history 'Aisha radi anhuma, he said: "One night, the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam never been out in the middle of the night and pray in the mosque then there are some people who pray with him following the prayers he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, then in the morning, people talk about it, so people who gathered more numerous than the number of them and pray with him sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. Then in the morning people get up and talk about it, so that the congregation of the mosque even more on the third night. Then the Prophet came out and they started to follow his prayer. Then the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam out and prayers, and those prayers follow any prayer he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam. And on the fourth night, the mosque is no longer able to accommodate jama'ahnya. Until finally he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam came out to do the morning prayer. After finishing the morning prayer, he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam facing the people, then bertasyahhud and then said, "Amma ba'du. Actually I do not worry about your position, but I'm worried it will be obliged to pray to you that you are not able to do it. "Then the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam passed away and the problem in such circumstances ..." [3]
The Salaf differed on the number of cycles in Tarawih and Witr accompanying.
1. Some say, 11 cycles.
2. Some claimed, 13 cycles.
3. Some say, 17 cycles.
4. Others were of the opinion, 19 cycles.
5. Some say, 21 cycles.
6. Also there are states, 23 cycles.
7. Some say, 25 cycles.
8. Well as others stated, 27 cycles.
9. Also some have argued, 39 cycles.
10. Some say, 41 cycles.
11. Well as some say, 47 cycles. [4]
And most rajih are those that mention 11 cycles or 13 cycles with the old at the time of standing, bowing and prostrating. But if standing, bowing and prostration briefly the number rakaatnya added.
That is based on what was narrated from 'A'ishah radi anhuma when asked about the prayer of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam in Ramadan, then he answers: "Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam never worked more than 11 cycles in the month of Ramadan and moon -other month, he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam doing 4 cycles; Do not ask about the good and the length. Then he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam pray 4 cycles; and do not ask about the good and the length. Then he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam pray three Rakat. "' Aisha said:" Then I asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, do you sleep before doing Witr?' He replied:
"يا عائشة إن عيني تنامان ولا ينام قلبي ..."
'O' A'isha, my eyes sleep but verily my heart does not sleep ... '"[5]
Also the hadeeth narrated from Ibn 'Abbaas anhuma, he said: "Prayer of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam 13 cycles, ie at night ..." [6]
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah said, "... So, a lot, or at least it depends on the cycles long or short stand ..." Further, he said, "The best thing is to look at the state of the congregation that followed the prayer, if there is a tendency to prolong standing on them, then (let) do 10 cycles and 3 cycles thereafter, as practiced by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam when praying alone in the month of Ramadan and also in others, it is so it is better. If there is no tendency for them to extend the stand, then (let) working 20 cycles, and it was the best. And that is practiced by most of the Muslims. "[7]
Can I (the author) say that it is taking place at the time of Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah. As for now, the majority of the Muslims pray Tarawih no more than 13 cycles. Most priests Tarawih prayers so quickly that he lost tuma'ninah obligations for which, according to some scholars, he (tuma'ninah) is in harmony, in which prayer is not valid without it. So people are weak and old people behind it felt exhausted due to the rapid up and down from the bowing and prostration. Therefore, let a priest truly fear Allah and maintain the state of the congregation, and download execute the mandate of Imamat as well as possible, because he is responsible for what he leads, that is, people who come to pray behind him.
And there is no prohibition on the presence of women in the Tarawih with safety requirements of slander. They have to leave again he was kept in a closed state, without ornate and also not wear perfume, pray with humility 'and is subject to avoid words that do not mean, backbiting, namimah, as well as matters relating to their household to maintain the sanctity mosque.
Lailatul Qadr
Tonight was one of privilege in the Ummah of Muhammad, the evening glory and honor for the people of this great again commendable. Ta'alatelah Allaah mentions the primacy of the people in His Book that gives a real explanation, in which Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'alaberfirman:
إنا أنزلناه في ليلة مباركة إنا كنا منذرين) 3 (فيها يفرق كل أمر حكيم) 4 (أمرا من عندنا إنا كنا مرسلين
"Verily, We have it down on a blessed night and it is We Who gives a warning. At night it is explained fully all matters of wisdom, (which is) a great affairs from Us. Verily We sent apostles. "[Ad-Dukhaan/44: 3-5]
He SWT also says:
ا أنزلناه في ليلة القدر) 1 (ا أدراك ما ليلة القدر) 2 (ليلة القدر خير من ألف شهر) 3 (تنزل الملائكة والروح فيها بإذن ربهم من كل أمر) 4 (سلام هي حتى مطلع الفجر
"Verily, We have it down (al-Qur'an) in the Night of Power. And what will explain to thee what the night's glory? Night of Power is better than a thousand months. At night it drops Angels and the Angel Gabriel with his Lord permission to organize everything. That night (full) welfare until dawn. "[Al-Qadr /: 1-5]
Tatyana called Qadr because it is more glorious glorious evening, upon which God establishes what occurred in one year regarding issues wisely.
The scholars mention some virtue Tatyana Qadr, among which are:
1. Whereas Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'alatelah degrade al-Qur'an that night.
2. Evening is better than a thousand months.
3. Descent of the Angels that night.
4. The number of safety on the night of torment (سلام هي) "Night full salvation".
5. Regarding virtues, Allah Ta'ala lowered one full letter is read until the Day of Resurrection.
It is certain that the evening took place in the month of Ramadan, in the last ten nights of the month, on odd days. This was based on what was narrated by 'Aisha radi anhuma, in which he said: "The Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said:
"تحروا ليلة القدر في العشر الأواخر من رمضان ..."
'Look Tatyana Qadr in the last ten nights of Ramadan ...' "[8]
Also what was narrated from 'A'ishah radi anhuma:
"تحروا ليلة القدر في الوتر من العشر الأواخر."
"Seek Laylat al Qadr on an odd date of the last ten nights (of Ramadan)." [9]
Disunnahkan him to do qiyamul Lail, many say a prayer, forgiveness, and charity, since Tatyana Qadr is a very great time.
It has been shown by the hadeeth narrated by Abu Hurayrah that anhu, he said: "The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
"من قام ليلة القدر إيمانا واحتسابا غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه."
'Anyone doing Qiyam (Salat Tahajjud) at night Tatyana Qadr with faith and expecting reward fully, it will be granted forgiveness for past sins that have been. "[10]
Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'alatelah conceal knowledge about (the emergence Tatyana Qadr) of His servants as a blessing for them to expand their practice and look for it on the nights filled with the glory of prayer, devotions and prayer. So therefore, they will grow closer to God and the more rewards come from Him. In addition, the knowledge of God that night hiding in an effort to test them, so it can be known who is earnest and persistent in looking for it and who is lazy longer ignore. Therefore, people who want to get something then he would earnestly get it and everything feels very light in to make it happen. But sometimes, Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'alajuga show that night to some of His servants with some signs that they may know, as I have ever witnessed by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, that he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam prostrating in the morning in the water and clay. [11]
I'tikaf THE LAST TEN DAYS OF THE MONTH RAMADHAN
The last ten days of Ramadan has a variety of great virtue and very many privileges, among them that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam in the ten days that intensified obedience, not a thing he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam did on other days. He sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam tighten the bonds the fabric to wake his family and he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam beri'tikaf the ordinary these days.
It has been shown by what is narrated by 'Aisha radi anhuma, he said:
"كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يجتهد في العشر الأواخر ما لا يجتهد في غيره ..."
"Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam more active (in worship) on the last ten days that he does not do on other days." [12]
Also the hadith narrated by 'Aisha radi anhma:
"كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا دخل العشر شد مئزره وأحيا ليله وأيقظ أهله ..."
"If the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam entered the last ten days, then he tightens the bonds the fabric, turn on the night and wake his family ..." [13]
Other hadith also narrated from 'A'ishah radi anhuma:
"أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم, كان يعتكف العشر الأواخر من رمضان حتى توفاه الله ثم اعتكف أزواجه من بعده ..."
"That the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam beri'tikaf the last ten days of Ramadan until Allah mewafatkan him, then his wives (fixed) beri'tikaf after the death of his ..." [14]
I'tikaf means to stay in the mosque to concentrate in worship to God. Allah the Exalted says:
ولا تباشروهن وأنتم عاكفون في المساجد
"... And you do not interfere in them, were you both I'tikaf in the mosque ..." [al-Baqarah / 2: 187]
The meaning of I'tikaf is to concentrate fully to worship God and get away from the busyness of life. Therefore, for people who beri'tikaf disunnahkan to concern themselves with the dhikr of Allah, reciting the Qur'an, praying, and explore the science. There is no problem with visiting family and discuss the things that contain a variety of benefit in this world and the hereafter.
Beri'tikaf forbidden for people to engage in intercourse and the things that led to it, whether it be a kiss, or touch with lust. This is in accordance with the paragraph above. Not allowed for it to come out of the mosque, except for very urgent purposes, such as wudu ', bathing, eating and drinking. If there is a place in the mosque ablution 'and a shower and there are people who deliver him food and drink, then it is not permissible for him out of the mosque.
Not to be out of the mosque to perform a worship that is not obligatory for him, for example dropping bodies, visit the sick, etc., except if it is indeed him-right condition before i'tikaf.
The exit of the mosque for purposes other than that, such as buying and selling and sitting with the family is forbidden (to cancel i'tikaf), either it is required or not.
Beri'tikaf permissible for people to set up camp (special place) in the mosque, in the mosque if there was not a special booth. As allowed him to bring a bed and clothes and things she needs. As he also may beri'tikaf with his family at the mosque. In fact, it is permissible for a woman to single-handedly with the terms beri'tikaf safe from slander and contain many beneficiaries. However, I think it can not happen in this day and age, unless desired by Allaah.
'Aisha radi anhuma said:
"كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يعتكف العشر الأواخر من رمضان حتى توفاه الله ثم اعتكف أزواجه من بعده ..."
"The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam ordinary beri'tikaf the last ten days of Ramadan until Allah mewafatkan him, and after that his wives even after the death of his beri'tikaf ..." [15]
Ibn al-Qayyim rahimahullah said, "... kindness and courage moored on the road to the religion of Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'aladan depend on the unification of the doctrine of God as well as the overall briefing him ... Excess excess in eating and drinking, throw themselves into sin, and greeting futile including of the things that can cut its way to the religion of Allah and weaken it, or even to stop. Then the grace of God of glory, the Merciful to His servants demanded disyari'atkannya fasting for those who can eliminate the bad influence of food and drinks ... And for those i'tikaf disyari'atkan that the intention is to concentrate and separate themselves from the heart man ... "[16]
INCREASE IN THE WAY GOD infak
Islam has been ordered to donate, give and berinfak in the way of Allah at all times. In the month of Ramadan, the command is more emphasized as an attempt to follow the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam noble.
Allah the Exalted says:
من ذا الذي يقرض الله قرضا حسنا فيضاعفه له أضعافا كثيرة
"Who will lend to Allah a good loan (spend their wealth in the way of Allah), then Allah will double the payment to him with a double fold that much ..." [al-Baqarah / 2: 245]
Allah also says:
مثل الذين ينفقون أموالهم في سبيل الله كمثل حبة أنبتت سبع سنابل في كل سنبلة مائة حبة والله يضاعف لمن يشاء والله واسع عليم
"Imagery (living incurred by) those who spend their wealth in the way of Allah is similar to a seed which grows seven ears, in every ear a hundred grains. God multiplies (the reward) for whom He wills. And Allah is vast (His gifts), the Knower. "[Al-Baqarah / 2: 261]
Did you know berinfak and calls for charity in the form of a very active and dynamic as that presented by al-Qur'an al-Karim's this? Truly a treasure that will not be lost due to generous attitude, because it's actually such a good loan that is secured on the side of God by multiplying the lot. Will be multiplied in the world, either in the form of treasure, blessing, happiness and tranquility. While in the hereafter will be multiplied a lasting enjoyment.
It is true what that related by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam as everywhere is narrated by Abu Hurayrah that anhu:
"ما من يوم يصبح العباد فيه إلا ملكان ينزلان, فيقول أحدهما: اللهم أعط منفقا خلفا ويقول الآخر: اللهم أعط ممسكا تلفا ..."
"It is not a morning but it came to him two angels who fell. One of them says, 'O Allah, give change to people who berinfak.' While the other angel said, 'O Allah, give destruction (bankruptcy) to a stingy person ... "[17]
Ramadan is the month of obedience and worship. Him, the servant exposes himself to his Lord with prayer, fasting, charity, and charity. If Ramadan is called, it is also called mercy with him as a perfect generosity. Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam as role models in this world is the most generous person in terms of goodness than the blowing wind.
Ramadan is a season, in which rich people vying for charity and berinfak in goodness. As much as any level of their donation charity and goodness in the society, then it is also a sense of safety and serenity perched on the souls of the poor and those in need. So that people will still cling to the building, robustness and strength.
"المؤمن للمؤمن كالبنيان يشد بعضه بعضا."
"The believer for other believers is like building partially strengthen others." [18]
In the Islamic view, treasure it only as a means, not a goal. As for slaves material, treasure is the goal.
From this, then there is fierce competition in getting the enjoyment and pleasure of the servant of the servants of lust.
There is also competition among the noble servants of God are righteous who mobilize all assets to obedience to God, because it is a treasure of God's treasures were merely entrusted them alone. Mahabenar Allah the Most-glorious when it says:
ها أنتم هؤلاء تدعون لتنفقوا في سبيل الله فمنكم من يبخل ومن يبخل فإنما يبخل عن نفسه والله الغني وأنتم الفقراء
"Remember, you are the ones who are invited to menafkah-right (your wealth) in the way of Allah. Then there are those among you are miserly, stingy and who, in fact he's just a stingy against itself. And Allah is The Rich, while you're the ones who need (him). "[Muhammad/47: 38]
READING AL-QUR-AN
Is emphasized to every Muslim to reproduce reciting the Qur'an during Ramadan in order to follow the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, in which Gabriel doing the teaching he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam in Ramadan every year. In addition, because Ramadan is a month of the Qur-an:
شهر رمضان الذي أنزل فيه القرآن
"The month of Ramadan, the month in which the derived (beginning) al-Qur-an." [Al-Baqarah / 2: 185]
God has guaranteed جل وعلا for people who read the Qur-an abortion practice at once, that he would not be misled in the world and in the hereafter is not afflicted.
He says:
فإما يأتينكم مني هدى فمن اتبع هداي فلا يضل ولا يشقى
"Then anyone who follows My guidance, he will not go astray and not get hurt." [Thaahaa/20: 123]
As He also has promised to those who refuse to read and watch and implement them through His word:
ومن أعرض عن ذكري فإن له معيشة ضنكا ونحشره يوم القيامة أعمى
"And whosoever turns away from My reminder, verily for him then a narrow livelihood, and we will menghimpunkannya on the Day of Judgment in a state of blind." [Thaahaa/20: 124]
Therefore, it is fitting for a Muslim at all times, particularly during Ramadan, to multiply the reading al-Qur'an, look at what it contains, studying the meanings and practice it. This was done in order to get what was promised by God to the expert al-Qur'an, which is a great gift, reward a lot, a high degree, as well as lasting enjoyment. It is true what the Prophet had mentioned al-Mustafa sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam:
"خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه."
"The best of you are those who learn the al-Qur'an and teach it ..." [19]
The revelation of Al-Qur'an during Ramadan in order to inspire the Muslims paid great attention to it for the month, conduct an assessment of the Qur-an in between them as well as hold-Halaqah Halaqah him in the mosques, where most of them explained to others. How good is the fast, who spends his time in the mosque to read the Book of Allah, memorize, and learn the meaning and its laws, and ask the things that he does not understand. He sat down with righteous people and the scholars to study and manners. Mahabenar when Allah Almighty says,
إن الذين يتلون كتاب الله وأقاموا الصلاة وأنفقوا مما رزقناهم سرا وعلانية يرجون تجارة لن تبور) 29 (ليوفيهم أجورهم ويزيدهم من فضله إنه غفور شكور
"Verily those who always read the Book of Allah, establish prayer and spend of that We have bestowed good luck to them secretly and openly, they were expecting a trade that will not lose money, in order to enhance their God reward them and add to the them of His bounty. Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Ready to appreciate. "[Fatir: 29-30] [20]
[Copied from the book Achieving Perfect Fasting, Translated from the book Ash-Shiyaam, Ahkaam wa Aa-Daab, by Dr.. Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Abdullah ath-Thayyar, translators Ghoffar EM Abdul, Ibn Kathir Publisher Reader]
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