Indonesia, together with Mexico, Nigeria, and Turkey got a new nickname as a potential economic powerhouse.
These four countries - abbreviated MINT - Click expected to shift the charm of Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC) are impressive economic growth in recent years.
Judging from a number of factors, Indonesia does have the potential to grow rapidly. Enny Sri Hartati Indef economists call the potential of Indonesia is actually much bigger than India and China, which had already been so excellent investor world.
"Economic growth is supported mainly by two factors, namely human resources and natural resources. Indonesia excels in these two factors. Potential but, again, only limited potential. If not used properly, the potential can be lost and others are enjoying. "
Then, the question is can the Indonesian improve to achieve economic takeoff? And will this year be a turning point toward double-digit economic growth?
The specter Infrastructure
Who MINT?
Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey. The four countries are considered more 'fresh' than BRIC.
In the next 20 years MINT feel an increase in the labor force.
If MINT implement appropriate economic policies, some of them might be able to match the double-digit economic growth in the Chinese style obtained in the period 2003 and 2008.
Most Halim Perdana Kusuma Airport on Friday (10/01) morning it was transformed into a commercial airport. Outside the terminal, food stall open sendari morning, as well as a variety of such taxis lined up waiting passengers ready already.
Inside, a number of officers a busy airline booths behind the check-in, luggage scanner set up in front of the waiting room is carpeted, and the occasional sound of the announcement of the latest flight schedules echoed from the microphone.
That morning, the low cost airline Citilink aircraft flew from Halim to Malang. This is the first scheduled commercial flights operating on January 10 at the military airport.
Halim is fairly urgent transformation to reduce traffic congestion Soekarno Hatta Airport.
Soekarno Hatta capacity could only accommodate 22 million passengers per year, in 2013 and had excess capacity doubled and forced to fly 55 million people.
Ministry of Transportation took a brisk walk. Halim is quite dense with military activity and VVIP flights must be shared with commercial aircraft, even before the environmental impact assessment is finished.
Deputy Transportation Minister Bambang Susantono argue this is only a temporary solution. "Medium term, Soekarno Hatta will be expanded and long-term new airport will be built in Karachi."
However, according to University of Indonesia Transport Expert, Ellen Tangkudung, this is a real example of how the design of infrastructure in Indonesia is slow and could never anticipate high demand.
Economic growth is quite good with an average of 6% per year and the advent of low-cost trend has open access for anyone to fly.
"[The government] is just like the fire department, at Soekarno Hatta already very overloaded then muted slightly by moving to Halim," he said.
According to economists Enny Sri Hartati precisely the problem lies deeper. "It's a matter of development policy design errors," he said.
The importance of economic growth
Economic growth is measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the market value of all goods and services produced by a country.
Increased GDP means of production of goods and services in a country also increases so automatically open jobs.
The addition of much-needed jobs to reduce unemployment, which according to BPS data as of August amounted to 7.39 million.
Field work can also reduce poverty which as of September 2013 reached 28 million people.
"Development continues, as it must be a map of the course, the short, medium and long term. We currently have a Medium Term Development Plan (Plan), but its nature is executed based on the interpretation and the whims of the ruling. If regime change, change roadmap , how can sustainable? "
In addition, centralized development of Java Area is also a barrier, whereas the potential for very large outside Java.
Policies that restrict and bureaucracy
In addition to infrastructure problems continue to overshadow the growth, the problems of bureaucracy and restrictive policy entrepreneur is also considered to be a barrier.
Earlier this year for example, economic agents faced with the rules banning the export of raw mineral Click.
Finance Minister Chatib Basri support the policy and said this year should be "the end of raw mineral trends explosion".
"In 15-20 years, we can not rely on natural resources. Due to the production of shale gas in the United States will make U.S. dependence on Middle East diminished.
"Once dependence is reduced, oil and commodity prices will decline, whereas 65% of Indonesian exports [today] is still associated with commodities and energy," he said in Indonesian Summit, Wednesday (15/10) in Jakarta.
CastleAsia business consultant and CEO, James Castle, said this rule may be good in the long run, but in the short term this policy not only hurts the foreign investors who want to invest in the sector memanam and coal, but also for domestic investors.
Because the government only specify a target, without accompanied mature plan for getting there so many mine operators who Klikkebingungan and not ready.
"This is an example of economic style command-and-control legacy of the Soeharto era. I tell you what you're doing. Trick how? You find out own way.'s Not a plan but a command," said James, who experienced 20 years of doing business in Indonesia.
Bureaucracy and poor government management is an important chore that must be addressed, because the role of the state in the next few years will be more dominant in comparison with the private sector to boost the economy, he added.
Still have a chance
Although investors are increasingly limited space, in fact there is still a wide-open opportunity to develop business in Indonesia.
Chatib Basri said various incentives and tax breaks offered in certain sectors to boost innovation and technology.
This was done to "put an end to the era of cheap labor" in order to grow a sustainable economy in the future.
"We have to move to innovation and technology. We are not talking about making a rocket or plane but in the garment sector for example, we can grow the specialty markets, batik, fashion."
"Victoria's Secret for example produced here because the quality is good," he said.
Indonesian GDP
• 2011 6.5%
• 6.2% in 2012
• 2013 5.6% *
• 5.3% in 2014 *
*) World Bank projections
To support the innovation, the Ministry of Finance offers a number of waivers for companies that will build a research and technology center in Indonesia. The private sector is expected to expand training institutions in order to increase the quality of human resources.
"If the economy is growing rapidly but unequal portions, the gap will be higher and that only a percentage of the wealth enjoyed it."
Enny Sri Hartati
In addition, in the central sector of the industry will have the incentive as most Indonesian manufacturing industries are concentrated in the upstream and downstream sekor alone.
The turning point
With various obstacles and opportunities, said 2014 could be a turning point that will determine which direction the Indonesian economy in the coming years.
Leadership by Indef Economist Enny Sri Hartati be key to fix all the problems of infrastructure and bureaucracy.
The new leader, he said, should be able to map and steer the economy in accordance with the mandate of the law, not just the pursuit of ambition to grow in double digits.
"Does it have to double digits? Whether we should emulate the Chinese growth? According to me. Due to the mandate of the constitution is very clear that his job was to improve the life of all the people of Indonesia. Was a two-digit growth need? It is the only instrument that is chosen to achieve the goal. "
"If the economy is growing rapidly but unequal portions, the gap will be higher and that only a certain percentage of the wealth enjoyed it," he added.
"The important thing is to build quality growth with the country's economic pillars, private, and people are equally strong and independent.'s Who should we look out of the vision of the presidential candidates." | BBC / MJF
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