Unfinished journey (14)
(Part of the fourteenth, Depok.Jawa Barat, Indonesia,
August 19, 2014, 7:03 pm)
The mass media mensiati many ways to keep them survive
amid increasingly fierce Competitive claims, especially print media menginggat
their production costs continue to soar as human labor and the price of paper.
So many of the print media, either daily (newspaper), or
a magazine that in order to save the cost of switching to digital online media,
is not only experienced by the mass media in Indonesia, but also experienced
media Newsweek caliber ever switch to digital media, although it reportedly
back me-back relaunching its print edition.
Daily Media Indonesia around 1992 ago when it was still
based in the Old Road Gondangdia, Central Jakarta when it is desperately short
daily advertiser so experiencing financial difficulties.
To overcome Surya
Paloh Sudono Salim been invited to help the Media Indonesia, whether in the
form of investment or management. But clearly Sudono Salim had sent a team of
up to 20 people to help the Indonesian media management. I do not know if
Sudono Salim had disbursed only Sudono Anthony Salim and Salim who knows.
At this time (1990) there are national employers who are
tempted by the success of several media profitable. Among batik entrepreneurs
Sutrisno Bachir former DPP Chairman of the National Mandate Party (PAN) he
falls buy OUTLOOK Economic Magazine and Daily News Buana.
Special Magazine prospects, he hijack dozens of
journalists from Junior to senior Tempo as Praginanto.
Originally Praginanto prepared a Prospect magazine's
editor, but after months of preparation, Praginanto failed to become chief
editor, replaced instead by Bachtiar Abdullah Alam Bachrul be Managing Editor.
Any word Bachtiar Abdullah and Bachrul Alam reported to
Sutrisno Bachir if Praginanto fond of drinking, so it does not rise
Porspek-rises.
'Obviously I in a coup Bachtiar Abdullah and Bachrul
Alam, whereas Bachrul Alam was one of my best friends dorm at the University of
Indonesia (UI), but how could he stab from behind,' 'comments Praginanto, one
day.
Praginanto that when it became known as TEMPO was able to
interview Yasser Arafat, leader of the PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization).
However, reportedly habits Jupri Fikri, Tempo senior journalist transmitted to
Praginanto drinking wine (he's so intoxicating alcoholic who sometimes).
That after Prospect Close, I had moved into a bankrupt
International Editor in Media Indonesia Daily Praginanto replace. That said,
Debra Yatim, it's time to abandon Praginanto Accents Editor International page
because the habit of drinking alcohol.
At this time as Sutrisno Bachir many entrepreneurs who
plunge into the media, magazines like People Flag managed new management among
others are managed by Tempo senior journalist Asa Syubah. But the prospects are
like also Magazine and Daily News Buana fails to develop and close as
well-known magazine and many Justice Forum as Daily Magazine and Daily News,
the first English newspaper The Times Indonesia, Indonesian Observer, Daily
Light and hundreds of other print media.
Landscape Industry Mass Media Mainstream and Online Media
Before the much talked about maps mainstream mass media
industry in Indonesia, because I was speaking in a scientific forum held in
East Kalimantan on this day; then first I will try to see through in advance
how the mass media industry map (especially print media) in East Kalimantan.
Based on data from the United Press Company (SPS), 2013, in the East Kalimantan
province of 234,000 copies circulated print media (ranked 14th out of 33
provinces in Indonesia) consists of 12 daily newspapers (circulation of 226,000
copies), four magazines (circulation of 6,000 copies), and two tabloid (with a
circulation of 2,000 copies). Province with the largest circulation print media
is still occupied by as many as 14,982,945 copies Jakarta, followed by as many
as 1.651 million copies in East Java, Central Java were 811 550 copies. In
fact, the distribution of print media outside of Java (especially that to the
east) has narrowed.
This shows that the power of the people to read print
media (in particular) is still low. If accumulated, the total circulation of
the entire print media (daily newspapers, weekly newspapers, magazines, and
tabloids) of 23,060,155 copies. Though the population of Indonesia is around
240,000,000 people. If we assume that each print copies read by four people,
then the print media penetration in Indonesia is assumed to be as high as 38.4
percent. Despite the fact, is still far from that number.
But in truth (the true origin of the word is derived from
the philosophy of teak trees), the entire niche industry of mass media in
Indonesia to date (read: this paper I typed on February 17, 2014, at 13:53 pm)
is only controlled by the group 14 giant private corporations. They are MNC
Group, Kompas Gramedia Group, Crown Eagle Technology, Media Mahaka, CT Group,
BeritaSatu Media Holdings (Lippo Group), Media Group, Media Vision Asia, Jawa
Pos Group, MRA Media, Femina Group, and Tempo Inti Media and Media Bali Post
Group (KMB), and Cipta Prima Advertisement (CPP) Radionet. The concentration of
ownership of media industry occur as a logical consequence of inescapable
interest of the investors in driving the development of the media industry in
Indonesia (Nugroho, Princess, and Lakshmi, 2012; Lim, 2012).
You want proof? Below I show how a network of 14
corporate penghegemoni media industry in Indonesia. In the field of radio
media, landscape / map radio media ownership in Indonesia is only mastered by:
Kompas Gramedia Group (16 radio station: Jakarta Sonora, Sonora Surabaya,
Yogyakarta Sonora, Sonora Pangkalpinang, Sonora Pontianak, Palembang Sonora,
Sonora Bandung, Bandung Sonora, Sonora Bangka, Solo Sonora, Sonora Banjarmasin,
Navan Sonora, Sonora Cirebon, Sonora Aceh / foyer FM, FM Eltira, Motion FM);
Global Mediacomm / MNC Group (22 radio stations: Global Radio, V Radio, Sindo
Radio Network Jakarta, Surabaya Radio Sindo, Sindo Radio Medan, Sindo Radio
Madison, Sindo Radio Palembang, Sindo Lubuk Linggau Radio, Radio Prabumulih
Sindo, Sindo Radio Lahat, Sindo Radio Kendari, Sindo Radio Dumai, the Sindo
Radio Pekanbaru, Pontianak Radio Sindo, Sindo Radio Manado, Banjarmasin Radio
Sindo, Sindo Radio Bandung, Semarang Radio Sindo, Sindo Radio Yogyakarta,
Makassar Radio Sindo, Sindo Balfour Radio, Radio Dangdut Indonesia), Mahaka
Media Group (19 radio stations: Jak FM, Gen FM, Jakarta Geronimo, Geronimo
Bandung, Yogyakarta Geronimo, Geronimo Semarang, Surabaya Geronimo, Geronimo
Medan, Solo Geronimo, Geronimo Makassar, Jakarta Radio Female, Female Radio
Yogyakarta, Semarang Female Radio, Delta FM Jakarta, Delta FM Surabaya, Bandung
Delta FM, Delta FM Makassar, Manado Delta FM, Delta FM Medan); MRA Media Group
(11 radio stations: FM Cosmopolitan, Hard Rock FM Jakarta, Bandung FM Hard
Rock, Hard Rock FM Surabaya, Bali Hard Rock FM, Trax FM Jakarta, Semarang Trax
FM, I Radio Jakarta, Bandung Radio I, I Radio Yogyakarta , Brava Radio);
Radionet CPP (40 radio stations: FM RIA 87.95, 106.85 FM PAS, PAS FM, FM RCT,
POP FM, radix, Damashinta 101.6 FM, 918 AM Chandra, RKB, RKS, Anita 106.5 FM,
Satria, Pro 2 FM, SBS, Sendangmas, Bayusakti, Wijaya, LCS, 774 AM Milky Way,
Rhythm, Yasika FM, Mandala, Candisewu 98.8 FM, 1098 AM GIS, SAS FM, FM JPI,
Conservatory, Gems, Zenith, Voice , RPK, 945 Buana AM, FM Polaris, RWB, CBS 792
AM, FM GSM, Voice, Kartini, 1314 Bintoro AM); PT Tempo Inti Media (1 radio
station: KBR 68 H); Femina Group (2 radio stations: FM Jakarta U, U FM
Bandung).
Network television media conglomerate in Indonesia is
dominated by: Global Mediacomm / MNS Group (3 national TV stations: RCTI,
MNCTV, Global TV; 14 local TV stations: Medan Deli TV, TV Lampung Bandar
Lampung, Padang Minang TV, YTV Batam, Indonesian Music TV Bandung, Semarang Pro
TV, TV BMS Banyumas, MHTV Surabaya, Pontianak Kapuas Citra Televisi, BMC
Denpasar TV, SUN TV Makassar, MGTV Magelang, SKY TV Palembang, TAZ TV
Tasikmalaya; 3 pay-TV station: Indovision, Okevision, Top TV) ; Crown Eagle
Technology / EMTEK (2 national TV stations: quiz, Indosiar, and one local TV
station that O-Channel); Visi Media Asia (2 national TV stations namely quiz
and TV One); Mahaka Media (2 local TV stations namely Jak TV and Alif TV); CT
Group (2 national channels, namely Trans TV and Trans 7); Jawa Pos Group (21 local
TV stations: JTV Surabaya, TV Batam, Riau TV, Padang TV, Dawn TV, TV Pal
Palembang, Padjadjaran TV / PJTV Bandung, Radar TV Lampung, Jambi TV, TV Bogor,
Malioboro TV, TV Jak Jakarta , CB Channel Bogor, SBO TV Surabaya, Balikpapan
TV, TV Triarga Bukit Tinggi, Pontianak TV, Simpanglima TV, TV Banjarmasin,
Samarinda TV, Radar Cirebon TV); PT Tempo Inti Media (1 local TV station that
Tempo TV); Media Group (1 national TV station that Metro TV); News One Media
Holding (1 local TV station: BeritaSatu TV, pay-TV station and one of First
Media); Kompas Gramedia Group (10 local TV stations: Reuters TV, Reuters TV
Field, Compass Palengbang TV, Bandung TV Compass, Compass TV Semarang, Surabaya
Reuters TV, Reuters TV Yogyakarta, Denpasar Reuters TV, Reuters TV Banjarmasin,
Makassar TV Compass).
The print media conglomerate in Indonesia is currently
held by: Kompas Gramedia Group (27 newspapers: The Jakarta Post, Indonesia
Porch, Pos Kupang, Bangka Pos, Banjarmasin Post, Sriwijaya Post, Daily Sun,
Cash, Metro Banjar, Post Belitung , Prohaba, Flores Star, News Central Java,
Pontianak Tribune, Tribune Jambi, Pekanbaru Tribune, Tribune Yogyakarta, East
Tribune, Tribune East Kalimantan, Tribune Jakarta, Batam Tribune, Tribune West
Java, Lampung Tribune, Tribune Manado, Medan Tribune; 45 magazines: O, My
friends, Automotive, Chic, Nakita, Bobo, Essence, Idea, Remodeling, Business
Ideas, Flona, Garden, Space, Hot Games, Forsel, Soccer, Signal, Saji, Tuberose,
Sekar, Bobo Junior, Mombi, XY Kids, Ori, Disney Me, Bona, Motorcycle, Car and
Tuning Guide, Auto Expert, Scooteriz, Otoplus, Chip, Photo-Video, Hi-Fi Choice,
PC Plus, Motor Plus, Bikers, B2, Computer Info, Commando, Reload, Ride Bike,
home; 2 tabloid the Star Nova and Nova; 17 licensed Magazines: National
Geographic, Top Gear, Autobild, Jeep, Disney Junior, NG Traveler, Fortune,
Living, More, In Style, Prevention, Girls, Donald Duck, Barbie, National
Geographic Kids, Street Fellow); Global Mediacomm / MNC Group (1 newspaper:
Koran Sindo; 4 magazines: High EndMag, High End Teen Mag, Trust, Just for Kids
Magazine; 2 tabloids: Genie, Mom & Kiddie); Mahaka Media Group (2
newspapers: Daily Republika and Indonesia; 2 magazines: Golf Digest Indonesia,
Indonesian Parents; 1 Tabloid tabloids that Janna); Jawa Pos Group (133 newspaper:
Memorandum, Bandung Radar, Radar Cirebon, Tasikmalaya Radar, Radar Bogor,
Pasunda Express, Radar Karawang, Bandung Express, Falkirk Eskpress, Sukabumi
Radar, Radar Indramayu, Brass Radar, Radar Majalengka, Bekasi Radar, Radar
Semarang, Radar Solo, Central Java-Yogyakarta Post Post, Tegal Radar, Radar
Banyumas, Holy Radar, Radar Pekalongan, Ekspress Magelang, Yogyakarta Radar,
Radar Bali, Metro Bali, Lombok Post, East Express, Indopos, People of Freedom,
Green Light, Non Stop, Guo Ji Ri Bao, Indonesia Business Today, Radar Banten,
Banten Kingdom Pos, Pos Tangsel, Satellite News, Banten Post, the People of
Aceh, Metro Aceh, North Sumatra Pos, Pos Metro Field, Siantar Metro, Metro
shavings, Metro Tapanuli, Padang Express, Pos Metro Padang, North Sumatra People,
Riau Pos, Pos Pekanbaru, Mx Pekanbaru, Dumai Post, Metro Tabagsel, Batam Pos,
Pos Metro Batam, Tanjungpinang Post, Ekpress Sumatra, Palembang Pos, Radar
Palembang, condo Pos, Pos Prabumulih, Cau Ekspress, Cau Heading East, Lahat
Post, Daily Banyuasin, Palembang Ekspress, Ekspress Enim, Ogan Express, The
Independent Jambi, Jambi Ekspress, Posmetro Jambi, Bungo Post, Radar Tanjab,
Sarolangun Express, The Star Jambi, Kerinci Post, Sarko Radar, Radar Kerinci,
RadarBute, People Bengkulu, Bengkulu Ekspress, South Radar, Radar Pat Petulai,
Bangka Belitung Post, Radar Lampung, Lampung People, Radar Metro, Central
Lampung Radar, Radar West Lampung, South Lampung Radar, Radar Tanggamus,
Kotabumi Radar, Radar Tuba , Kaltim Post, Post Samarinda, Metro Balikpapan, Tarakan
Radar, Pontianak Post, Daily Equator, Metro Pontianak Kapuas Post, Kun Ri Bao
Dian, Singkawang Metro, Metro Ketapang, Central Kalimantan Post, Sampit Radar,
Radar Banjarmasin, Dawn, City News, Pane Pos, Pos Palopo, Ujung Pandang
Ekspress, Bulukumba Radar, Radar Bone, Sinjai Radar, Radar West Sulawesi,
Central Sulawesi Radar, Luwuk Post, Kendari Pos Ekspress Kendari, Buton Radar,
Radar Kolaka, Manado Post, Post Manado, Manado Radar, Radar Kotabunan , Ambon
Ekspress, Radar Ambon, North Maluku Post, Post Gorontalo, Gorontalo Radar,
Cendrwasih Post, Radar Timika; 6 tabloids: Otomodify, Agrobis Bird, Omeg,
Mentari Son of Hope, Jobs, Hajj). Another giant group PT Tempo Inti Media (1
newspaper: Koran Tempo; 2 magazine: Tempo and U-Magazine); Media Group (3 newspaper
Media Indonesia, Lampung Post, Borneo Post); MRA Media Group (16 magazine
licensed: Cosmopolitan, Cosmo Girl, Harper's Bzzr, Amica, Good Housekeeping,
Mother & Baby, Spice, Hair Ideas, Auto Car, Target Car, Esquire, Trax, FHM,
Fitness, Bravacasa, Bali & Beyond); A News Media Holdings (4 newspaper:
Voice Reform, Investor Daily, The Jakarta Globe, The Straits Times; 6 magazine:
Investors, Globe Asia, The Peak, Kemang Buzz, Campus, Student Globe). In
addition there is also the Femina Group (6 magazines: Girl, Cita Cinta, Femina,
Enchantment, Goddess, Ayahbunda; 8 magazine licensed: Cleo, Parenting, Fit,
Men's Health, Reader's Digest, Grazia, Best Life, Estetica) and also group
Media Bali Post (Bali Post, Bisnis Bali, Denpasar Post, Jakarta Business, People,
Wiyata Mandala, Latitude, Bali Travel News (Nugroho, Princess, and Lakshmi,
2012; Lim, 2012). tycoons How does the mass media in the capture audience
(market)? answer is simple. they perform a variety of ways. however of
different ways, it can only be done in three modes.
One, the content presented by various media companies
adapted to the tastes of the market or the largest number of potential
audience. This method is waged to get the attention of readers, viewers, and
listeners (audience) in large numbers. Hopefully, by getting a large audience,
then the circulation (for print media), or rating (for the medium of television
and radio), as well as traffict (for online media) of the mass media companies
become high.
The hope, with the amount of lint tiggi, rating, and his
traffict, tariff / price advertising in the mass media to be high as well. For
print media companies, along with the high circulation will get a double
benefit. First, the high circulation indicate opportunities or level of legibility
(readership) higher. The higher the level of legibility, a parameter of fame of
any print media company. Secondly, the advantages in the form of income
circulation (circulation) or from the print media sold in the market. Third,
the media companies get advertising revenue is also high; because as long as
the advertiser is only "subject" on a high or low number of readers
of print media.
Two, do a horizontal integration. This step is the most
fundamental strategies to strengthen business networks print media, television
media, radio media, and online media. A group of media companies do when their
horizontal integration of media are expanding their business to establish a new
media company in the area. A simple example, group Kompas Gramedia Group publishes
the Tribune Tribune Java and Yogyakarta.
Three, vertical integration. In which the mass media
companies to expand their business into the field of non-media businesses.
Examples of simple, CT Group established Carrefour, hotels, and other non
business media. Vertical integration horizontal integration at the same time
run concurrently by a group of media corporations, will double the financial
benefits of the business practices of the media and non-media. Two different
lines of business which it (the business of media and non-media) will mutually
support each other, but the prerequisite requires the support of capital and
human resources major. The bad implications, uniformity of information; because
the media industry is concentrated in a number of media corporations. Moreover,
the media company's shares are owned by only a few people. In fact, the
ownership group of 14 media companies over there that are "crossed".
For example, owners of Kompas Gramedia Group also has a stake "a percentage"
in the CT Group. In my opinion, the future impact of competition among 14
national giant media group above will result in keoknya a media group; which
forced them to merge (with other media companies alike feel threatened or
beaten) or offer to be acquired (by the media company bigger), so that the next
map penghegemoni pursing the media industry in the three groups (tripoli ), or
the two groups (duopoly) only; could even be the only group (monopoly)
(Supadiyanto, 2013).
Is beyond the 14 groups on the corporate media, there are
still other mainstream media in Indonesia? Of course there are many. With
reference to the data of the Press Council and the SPS (2012), in Indonesia
there are at least 1,000 print media (measures of newspapers, magazines,
tabloids), 217 local TV stations, 11 national TV stations, 16 TV stations
subscribe, 11 TV networks, thousands of stations radios, and hundreds of online
media. That is the major player in the Indonesian mainstream media has been
"fairly abundant". With the number of journalists in Indonesia
reached 100000-125000 people (referring to the data from the Chairman of PWI
Margiono, 2012), of course, invite a big question whether it is possible with a
number of reporters that "small" is capable of clicking coverwilayah
Indonesia reached almost eight million square kilometers? Moreover, referring
to the data conveyed by the Secretary General of the PWI Hendry Ch. Waking up
to me at the end of 2013, the number of Indonesian journalists who passed the
Competency Exam Journalists (UKW) only about 5,000 people. That is, the number
of professional journalists in Indonesia is still very small. Logislah So, why
the quality of the content (content) presented by various mainstream media is
still questionable. Not to mention the problem Questioning the low monthly
salary earned most of the journalists in Indonesia.
Data study conducted by the Alliance of Independent
Journalists (AJI) in 2011, presented the following list of the monthly salary
earned various mass media journalists in Jakarta area. Salary journalist
Economic Daily Business Indonesia reached Rp 4,979,280; Daily Compass Rp
5,500,000; Tabloid Cash Rp 3,700,000; Daily Republika Rp 2,300,000; National
Journal Daily Rp 2,500,000; LKBN Between Rp 2,700,000; Seputar Indonesia Rp
2,250,000; Koran Tempo Rp 2,700,000; Daily Indopos Rp 3,300,000; Post City
Daily Rp 1,700,000; Daily News City of USD 2,800,000; Daily News City of USD
2,700,000; The Jakarta Globe Rp 5,500,000; Daily People's Freedom Rp 2,000,000;
Daily Rays of Hope Rp 2,000,000; Self Magazine USD 2.69699 million; Slot
Magazine Rp 2,500,000; TPI / MNCTV Rp 2,400,000; Trans TV Rp 2.500.000; SCTV Rp
2,500,000; DAAI TV Rp 2,480,000; KBR 68H Radio Rp 3,300,000; I Radio Rp
2,400,000; Radio Sonora FM Rp 3,300,000; Hukumonline.com Rp 1,600,000;
Kompas.com Rp 2,700,000; Detik.com Rp 2,400,000; Vivanews.com Rp 2,600,000;
Okezone.com Rp 2,300,000; TV One Rp 3,500,000. When compared with the
acquisition of salaries of journalists who work in the area, certainly far from
the nominal figure above. In fact, the numbers are still many who are under the
minimum wage (UMR), but until now there has been no official referral data that
can be relied upon (Manan, 2011).
There is an interesting fact that the mass media industry
worldwide is still only six companies controlled by the Jewish-owned mass
media. The media giant company is Vivende Universal, AOL Time Warner, The Walt
Disney Corporation, Bertelsmann AG, Viacom, and News Corporation. Six of the
world's media conglomerate controlled 96 percent of the world's media markets
(Ramdan, Anton A. 2009). The conglomerate (the world's richest men) control the
world media interest in the media industry in the world, in addition to profit
(material-economic mission); also at the same time in order to spread its
influence (political-ideological mission). So there is a very strong relationship,
why the conglomerate's departure from the mass media and their businesses were
predominantly Jewish (Supadiyanto, 2014).
Invention (technology) Internet by Advanced Research
Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) which was formed by the United States
Department of Defense in 1969, which later sparked Vint Cerf as "Father of
the Internet", became a big innovation for human civilization (Rosmawaty,
2010). However, other data relied on:
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Kleinrock, not Vint Cerf were named the
"Father of the Internet", but Leonard Kleinrock (professor of
computer science at the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Science in
the United States as well one of the pioneers of digital communication
networks, and help build the ARPANET) which gave birth to the theory of packet
switching (1959) and the theory of packet switching in relation to the package
which is the forerunner technology (technology) Internet (1961). In a way, the
Internet is becoming an advanced technology that enhance the predecessor
technologies such as the invention of paper by Ts'ai Lun in 105, or the
invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg Gensfleisch zur Laden zum
in 1450 and the invention of radio by Guglielmo Marconi in 1874 and the
invention of the television by John L. Baird in 1926. tangent to it, Marshall
McLuhan (1964), communication character-inspired sociology of Canada gave birth
to the concept of the global village (global village), which in its realization
is now a social reality called globalization.
Growth in number of Internet users in Indonesia are also
fairly fantastic during this Reform Order. Based on data from Internet World
Stats Web Directory (1998-1999) and the Central Bureau of Statistics / BPS and
the Association of Indonesian Internet / APJII (2013), the number of Internet
user growth since July 1998 as many as 790,000 users); but in December 2013 as
many as 71.19 million users. That is, within a period of 15 years, there is a
surge in the number of Internet users in Indonesia reached 70.4 million people,
equivalent 9011.4 percent. That is, the average growth in the number of
Internet users per year as many as 4,693,333 people (or the equivalent of 391
111 people per month).
Indeed the presence of an era of media convergence (even
towards the convergence of multimedia) is also initiated by the invention of
the internet technology. The unification of the various types of mass media
industries in the channel terintegratif; indeed on one side makes a lot of
efficiency in the management of the media industry. Not only the capital
resources that can be pressed expenditure, but also in terms of its human
resources function can also be optimized; without reducing the profit earned by
the company. Therefore, in this era of media convergence, every journalist
should have the ability / skill in packaging a product multitalented news /
information to be supplied to the print media, television media, radio media,
as well mediaonline.
Thus, in this era of media convergence, "exploitation"
of the journalist is to be a highly sensitive; because every journalist
increasingly required to work even harder to produce a variety of quality
journalism; or in accordance with the tastes of the audience. The presence of
online media (the Internet key word) that continues to shift the current
existence of print media, making the print media entrepreneur since the late
2000s began to make online channels; as a form of anticipation that its print
media still exist in the print media competition continues to increase in
intensity. So, in addition to having the print media, today every print media
companies also have online sites, and even a number of print media companies
also publish digital versions of the paper (electronic paper).
Not only that, the unification of the various types of
media (print media, digital media, online media, media, radio, and television
media) in the roof of the company; or even within a single screen (monitor)
laptop / computer; prove that the integration of different types of media over
the network further strengthen corporate mass media. As a result, there is
uniformity of information broadcast by the network group media company. Public
was forced to get the information that completely uniform. In another aspect,
it made a concentrated wealth of the owners of the media company's capital in
Indonesia.
The proof, Globe Asia Magazine, June 2013 released the
150 richest people in Indonesia, where 14 kkonglomerat of which engage in
business in the field of mass media. They are: Aburizal Bakrie, Bakrie Group,
USD 2.45 billion (richest-6), Mochtar Riady, Lippo Group, USD 2.15 billion
(richest-9), Chairul, CT Corp, USD 2.05 billion (richest 12), Hary
Tanoesoedibjo, MNC Group, $ 1.7 billion (17th richest), Ciputra, Ciputra Group,
USD 1.375 billion (richest 23), Kartini Muljadi & Handojo Slamet Muljadi,
Tempo Group, USD 1.37 billion (richest 24), Jakob Oetama, Kompas-Gramedia
Group, USD 1.3 billion (richest 26), Eddy Sariaatmadja & Fofo Sariaatmadja,
SCTV, from $ 1.1 billion (35th richest ), Surya Dharma Paloh, Media Group, a
USD 387 million (richest 91), Dahlan Iskan, Jawa Pos Group, a USD 370 million
(richest 93), Sukamdani Sahid & Gitosardjono, Sahid Group, a USD 367
million (richest to -94), Benny Suherman, Studio 21 Group, a USD 285 million
(richest-108), Jacobus Busono, Pura Group, a USD 105 million (richest-144),
Raam Punjabi, Multivision Plus, USD 101 million (richest ke- 145).
How the fate of online media in the era of mass media
convergence today? Of course the answer is very prospective. It was given
various advantages possessed by the online media. Even now online journalism
has now become a new chapter in the world of journalism. The paper technology
thrown by Internet technology. Various print media company out of business, whether
at home or abroad. So they divert business to the online media. Because it is
considered faster, environmentally friendly and efficient. The implication, the
triumph of newspapers and other paper-based media increasingly replaced by
internet-based online media presence. And proved, now the internet has been
juggling the conventional industry, becoming a digital-based industry. One of
them is the media industry. Until now the mass media still believed to be the
most powerful tool in influencing public opinion. Industry print media,
electronic media and online media is growing rapidly today, confirms the media
business is a business that favored employers. The trend now, the expansion of
the conventional mass media towards online Internet-based media more lively.
Advantages of online media is far superior in speed
display, the content is more varied and far-wide, the entire audience can be
accessed throughout the world, and economically very cheap, makes a lot of
print media management companies to change the format into online media. As it
is, professional journalist to be very prospective online, the economic
calculation and idealism. Especially now everyone can be online journalists.
The term popularity, everyone can be a journalist resident (citizen journalism).
By being an online journalist, everyone is more extensive and flexible in the
various activities of reportage. Finally, the competition between online media
becoming a necessity that can not be avoided anymore. Only online media
supported by editorial management and professional management korporasional,
eventually became the winner in the heat of the print media industry,
electronic and online (Supadiyanto, 2012).
By considering the map / media industry landscape in
Indonesia is still dominated by the 14-national private corporations only,
giving rise to uniformity of information. It can make the information uniform
compactness; but behind it is very dangerous to the future of democracy.
Because the public does not have alternatives other diverse information. In the
world of communication, it is not true that a single truth. Contrary to the
exact sciences, in which truth was single. Truth is worth double (plural).
Because of the social sciences apply a minimum of three paradigms of truth. Paradigm
truth quantitative (positivistic), the qualitative paradigm (postpositivistik),
and the critical paradigm (interpretive). And the mass media play a role in the
top three paradigms proportionally. Because in the world of communication
adheres to understand that truth is not singular; it takes intelligence of the
audience (readers, viewers, listeners) to scrutinize every product news /
information presented by various mainstream media tends to create a
business-oriented and market-power politics as the main objective of the
establishment of various media companies. Each audience should have the power
of media literacy is strictly to monitor the content presented by any media
company. No matter the mass media owned by state-owned or private, just the
same. Everything must be scrutinized with an intelligent. Public not to swallow
all product news / information presented by various commercial companies such
media. Without having power critics, and media literacy to above; public merely
be used as a target market commoditization materials for various media
companies reap the benefits in the form of advertising revenue (especially for
print media as well electronic media) and circulation revenue / lint (for print
media).
Media literacy activities could be raised through citizen
journalism. Because the activity of the journalist style, making each person
becomes powerless (not deceived) in response to a variety of information that
is scattered in the community. Penetration of Internet technologies is
increasingly prevalent in various regions in Indonesia, a keyword pushing
citizen journalism activities.
Because the technology relies on the Internet is able to
overcome the constraints of space and time.
http://media.kompasiana.com/mainstream-media/2014/02/20/lanskap-industri-media-massa-arus-utama-dan-media-online-633397.html
(Continued)
Newsweek to shut down print edition and go all digital
December 31 will mark the last print edition for the news
magazine as it makes the jump to an all-digital format.
After an 80-year stint, Newsweek is cancelling its print
publication and will go all digital come 2013.
The news was revealed today on the Daily Beast, the
online news site that merged with Newsweek in 2010. Daily Beast and Newsweek
editor Tina Brown and Baba Shetty, CEO of the combined company, said that the
December 31 edition will be the magazine's last print version.
Known as Newsweek Global, the new digital edition will
provide news and information on a worldwide scale. Access to Newsweek Global
will be available via paid subscriptions for both Web and tabletusers. Certain
content will also appear on the Daily Beast site.
Faced with dwindling print sales, many magazines have
turned all digital. But the impact seems to hit harder when a publication like
Newsweek makes the switch. Along with Time, Newsweek has been one of the
nation's core news magazines, gracing newsstands since 1933.
In explaining the decision to turn digital, Brown and
Shetty cited a recent Pew study, which said that 39 percent of Americans find
their news online , up from 33 percent just two years ago. In line with that
trend, the Daily Beast now brings in more than 15 million unique visitors each
month, a jump of 20 percent over the past year.
Brown and Shetty didn't reveal the readership numbers for
the print edition of Newsweek. But Newsweek's entry in Wikipedia cited a drop
in worldwide circulation of 4 million in 2003 to just 1.5 million in 2010. CNN
reported a paid circulation of just 1.2 million over the past 12 months.
They did admit that business has been impacted by
challenges in the print ad market. Newsweek's revenue from print advertising
dropped $334 million, or 70 percent, from 2007 to 2011, CNN noted. At the same
time, Newsweek's online and mobile editions have claimed higher readership,
especially among tablet users.
"In our judgment, we have reached a tipping point at
which we can most efficiently and effectively reach our readers in all-digital
format," Brown and Shetty said.
Related stories
• Pew study:
News consumption up via mobile, social media
• Tablets
bringing on end of print?
• New York
Times unveils Web app for iPad
The move to all digital will also lead to some staff
layoffs and other cutbacks around the world.
"Newsweek is produced by a gifted and tireless team
of professionals who have been offering brilliant work consistently throughout
a tough period of ownership transition and media disruption," Brown and
Shetty said. "Regrettably we anticipate staff reductions and the
streamlining of our editorial and business operations both here in the U.S. and
internationally."
The two also expressed a note of sadness in the loss of
the print publication, but clearly see digital as the road ahead.
"Exiting print is an extremely difficult moment for
all of us who love the romance of print and the unique weekly camaraderie of
those hectic hours before the close on Friday night," they said. "But
as we head for the 80th anniversary of Newsweek next year we must sustain the journalism
that gives the magazine its purpose -- and embrace the all-digital
future."
Newsweek magazine relaunches print edition
By Puneet Pal SinghBusiness reporter, BBC News, New York
Newsweek has
relaunched the print edition with a controversial story on the Bitcoin inventor
Continue reading the main story
Related Stories
• Newsweek
sold to digital news firm
• Newsweek to
cease print edition
• In
pictures: Newsweek front covers
Current affairs magazine Newsweek has relaunched its
print edition.
The move comes just months after the US magazine was
bought by digital news company IBT Media.
Newsweek discontinued its print edition in December 2012
after 80 years, amid falling advertising revenues as readers moved towards
online publications.
However, the new owners say they have worked out a
business model that does not rely heavily on ad revenue.
Etienne Uzac, co-founder and chief executive of IBT
Media, says the company aims to generate as much as 90% of the income for its
print edition from subscription revenue.
It has put a premium price on the print edition, which
will be sold for $8 (£5) per copy in the US, to ensure profitability.
'Mixed blessing'
Mr Uzac says that over the past few years, advertising
revenues at print magazines dropped far more than their circulation.
He says this is a key reason why many magazines, which
traditionally relied heavily on advertising revenue, faced difficulties in
sustaining their operations.
"They had low subscription prices, but they still
had to produce and distribute those copies on a weekly basis, and that costs a
lot of money," he says.
Continue reading the main story
“Start Quote
We are not going after the multimillion reader base
numbers that our competitors are going after. We are going for a more premium
and profitable user base”
Etienne UzacIBT Media
"Thankfully, they had advertising money there to
support it.
"Now that money - not all of it, but a lot of it -
is gone, but they still have the same pricing model. I think that is the
problem."
He says that Newsweek's ceasing publication of the print
edition in 2012 is in "some ways a mixed blessing" that may help it
avoid those pressures.
"We were able to come back and reinvent the Newsweek
print experience from ground up," he says.
"We are not going after the multimillion reader base
numbers that our competitors are going after. We are going for a more premium
and profitable user base.
"It is difficult for others to get out of where they
are, because they have subscribers that are five years or 10 years on file. You
can't do anything about that."
Complementing digital?
Newsweek's first edition was published on 17 February
1933.
At its peak, it had a circulation of three million. But,
like many of its peers, declining readership and advertising revenue led to
large losses in recent years.
The magazine was sold by former owner the Washington Post
for $1 to US businessman Sidney Harman in 2010.
It was then merged with Mr Harman's web magazine, the
Daily Beast, before being sold to IBT last year for an undisclosed amount.
The move to relaunch its print edition comes as a
surprise, not least because IBT has traditionally been a digital media company.
However, some industry watchers suggest that while
digital advertising revenues have risen, they have not grown as fast as
companies had expected and as a result some were now looking to offer print
editions to attract more advertisers.
"Digital advertising has just not come close to
compensating for what news magazines similar to newspapers have lost,"
says Bill Grueskin, dean of academic affairs at Columbia University's Graduate
School of Journalism.
"There is still some value in print glossy
advertising."
He adds that if Newsweek's print edition can "start
to get some traction on that, it can be a modest success".
Mr Uzac admits that attracting potential advertisers was
one of the key factors behind the move to restart the print edition.
"We could definitely charge more for print product,
we felt, than for online," he says.
"We thought that there was money to be made on print
from the subscription and, yes, there was money to be made on the advertising
side."
http://www.bbc.com/news/business-26460261 (Continue)
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