Indonesia in Focus: Unfinished journey (14)

Unfinished journey (14)

(Part of the fourteenth, Depok.Jawa Barat, Indonesia, August 19, 2014, 7:03 pm)

The mass media mensiati many ways to keep them survive amid increasingly fierce Competitive claims, especially print media menginggat their production costs continue to soar as human labor and the price of paper.

So many of the print media, either daily (newspaper), or a magazine that in order to save the cost of switching to digital online media, is not only experienced by the mass media in Indonesia, but also experienced media Newsweek caliber ever switch to digital media, although it reportedly back me-back relaunching its print edition.

Daily Media Indonesia around 1992 ago when it was still based in the Old Road Gondangdia, Central Jakarta when it is desperately short daily advertiser so experiencing financial difficulties.

To overcome Surya Paloh Sudono Salim been invited to help the Media Indonesia, whether in the form of investment or management. But clearly Sudono Salim had sent a team of up to 20 people to help the Indonesian media management. I do not know if Sudono Salim had disbursed only Sudono Anthony Salim and Salim who knows.

At this time (1990) there are national employers who are tempted by the success of several media profitable. Among batik entrepreneurs Sutrisno Bachir former DPP Chairman of the National Mandate Party (PAN) he falls buy OUTLOOK Economic Magazine and Daily News Buana.

Special Magazine prospects, he hijack dozens of journalists from Junior to senior Tempo as Praginanto.

Originally Praginanto prepared a Prospect magazine's editor, but after months of preparation, Praginanto failed to become chief editor, replaced instead by Bachtiar Abdullah Alam Bachrul be Managing Editor.

Any word Bachtiar Abdullah and Bachrul Alam reported to Sutrisno Bachir if Praginanto fond of drinking, so it does not rise Porspek-rises.

'Obviously I in a coup Bachtiar Abdullah and Bachrul Alam, whereas Bachrul Alam was one of my best friends dorm at the University of Indonesia (UI), but how could he stab from behind,' 'comments Praginanto, one day.

Praginanto that when it became known as TEMPO was able to interview Yasser Arafat, leader of the PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization). However, reportedly habits Jupri Fikri, Tempo senior journalist transmitted to Praginanto drinking wine (he's so intoxicating alcoholic who sometimes).

That after Prospect Close, I had moved into a bankrupt International Editor in Media Indonesia Daily Praginanto replace. That said, Debra Yatim, it's time to abandon Praginanto Accents Editor International page because the habit of drinking alcohol.

At this time as Sutrisno Bachir many entrepreneurs who plunge into the media, magazines like People Flag managed new management among others are managed by Tempo senior journalist Asa Syubah. But the prospects are like also Magazine and Daily News Buana fails to develop and close as well-known magazine and many Justice Forum as Daily Magazine and Daily News, the first English newspaper The Times Indonesia, Indonesian Observer, Daily Light and hundreds of other print media.

Landscape Industry Mass Media Mainstream and Online Media

Before the much talked about maps mainstream mass media industry in Indonesia, because I was speaking in a scientific forum held in East Kalimantan on this day; then first I will try to see through in advance how the mass media industry map (especially print media) in East Kalimantan. Based on data from the United Press Company (SPS), 2013, in the East Kalimantan province of 234,000 copies circulated print media (ranked 14th out of 33 provinces in Indonesia) consists of 12 daily newspapers (circulation of 226,000 copies), four magazines (circulation of 6,000 copies), and two tabloid (with a circulation of 2,000 copies). Province with the largest circulation print media is still occupied by as many as 14,982,945 copies Jakarta, followed by as many as 1.651 million copies in East Java, Central Java were 811 550 copies. In fact, the distribution of print media outside of Java (especially that to the east) has narrowed.

This shows that the power of the people to read print media (in particular) is still low. If accumulated, the total circulation of the entire print media (daily newspapers, weekly newspapers, magazines, and tabloids) of 23,060,155 copies. Though the population of Indonesia is around 240,000,000 people. If we assume that each print copies read by four people, then the print media penetration in Indonesia is assumed to be as high as 38.4 percent. Despite the fact, is still far from that number.

But in truth (the true origin of the word is derived from the philosophy of teak trees), the entire niche industry of mass media in Indonesia to date (read: this paper I typed on February 17, 2014, at 13:53 pm) is only controlled by the group 14 giant private corporations. They are MNC Group, Kompas Gramedia Group, Crown Eagle Technology, Media Mahaka, CT Group, BeritaSatu Media Holdings (Lippo Group), Media Group, Media Vision Asia, Jawa Pos Group, MRA Media, Femina Group, and Tempo Inti Media and Media Bali Post Group (KMB), and Cipta Prima Advertisement (CPP) Radionet. The concentration of ownership of media industry occur as a logical consequence of inescapable interest of the investors in driving the development of the media industry in Indonesia (Nugroho, Princess, and Lakshmi, 2012; Lim, 2012).

You want proof? Below I show how a network of 14 corporate penghegemoni media industry in Indonesia. In the field of radio media, landscape / map radio media ownership in Indonesia is only mastered by: Kompas Gramedia Group (16 radio station: Jakarta Sonora, Sonora Surabaya, Yogyakarta Sonora, Sonora Pangkalpinang, Sonora Pontianak, Palembang Sonora, Sonora Bandung, Bandung Sonora, Sonora Bangka, Solo Sonora, Sonora Banjarmasin, Navan Sonora, Sonora Cirebon, Sonora Aceh / foyer FM, FM Eltira, Motion FM); Global Mediacomm / MNC Group (22 radio stations: Global Radio, V Radio, Sindo Radio Network Jakarta, Surabaya Radio Sindo, Sindo Radio Medan, Sindo Radio Madison, Sindo Radio Palembang, Sindo Lubuk Linggau Radio, Radio Prabumulih Sindo, Sindo Radio Lahat, Sindo Radio Kendari, Sindo Radio Dumai, the Sindo Radio Pekanbaru, Pontianak Radio Sindo, Sindo Radio Manado, Banjarmasin Radio Sindo, Sindo Radio Bandung, Semarang Radio Sindo, Sindo Radio Yogyakarta, Makassar Radio Sindo, Sindo Balfour Radio, Radio Dangdut Indonesia), Mahaka Media Group (19 radio stations: Jak FM, Gen FM, Jakarta Geronimo, Geronimo Bandung, Yogyakarta Geronimo, Geronimo Semarang, Surabaya Geronimo, Geronimo Medan, Solo Geronimo, Geronimo Makassar, Jakarta Radio Female, Female Radio Yogyakarta, Semarang Female Radio, Delta FM Jakarta, Delta FM Surabaya, Bandung Delta FM, Delta FM Makassar, Manado Delta FM, Delta FM Medan); MRA Media Group (11 radio stations: FM Cosmopolitan, Hard Rock FM Jakarta, Bandung FM Hard Rock, Hard Rock FM Surabaya, Bali Hard Rock FM, Trax FM Jakarta, Semarang Trax FM, I Radio Jakarta, Bandung Radio I, I Radio Yogyakarta , Brava Radio); Radionet CPP (40 radio stations: FM RIA 87.95, 106.85 FM PAS, PAS FM, FM RCT, POP FM, radix, Damashinta 101.6 FM, 918 AM Chandra, RKB, RKS, Anita 106.5 FM, Satria, Pro 2 FM, SBS, Sendangmas, Bayusakti, Wijaya, LCS, 774 AM Milky Way, Rhythm, Yasika FM, Mandala, Candisewu 98.8 FM, 1098 AM GIS, SAS FM, FM JPI, Conservatory, Gems, Zenith, Voice , RPK, 945 Buana AM, FM Polaris, RWB, CBS 792 AM, FM GSM, Voice, Kartini, 1314 Bintoro AM); PT Tempo Inti Media (1 radio station: KBR 68 H); Femina Group (2 radio stations: FM Jakarta U, U FM Bandung).

Network television media conglomerate in Indonesia is dominated by: Global Mediacomm / MNS Group (3 national TV stations: RCTI, MNCTV, Global TV; 14 local TV stations: Medan Deli TV, TV Lampung Bandar Lampung, Padang Minang TV, YTV Batam, Indonesian Music TV Bandung, Semarang Pro TV, TV BMS Banyumas, MHTV Surabaya, Pontianak Kapuas Citra Televisi, BMC Denpasar TV, SUN TV Makassar, MGTV Magelang, SKY TV Palembang, TAZ TV Tasikmalaya; 3 pay-TV station: Indovision, Okevision, Top TV) ; Crown Eagle Technology / EMTEK (2 national TV stations: quiz, Indosiar, and one local TV station that O-Channel); Visi Media Asia (2 national TV stations namely quiz and TV One); Mahaka Media (2 local TV stations namely Jak TV and Alif TV); CT Group (2 national channels, namely Trans TV and Trans 7); Jawa Pos Group (21 local TV stations: JTV Surabaya, TV Batam, Riau TV, Padang TV, Dawn TV, TV Pal Palembang, Padjadjaran TV / PJTV Bandung, Radar TV Lampung, Jambi TV, TV Bogor, Malioboro TV, TV Jak Jakarta , CB Channel Bogor, SBO TV Surabaya, Balikpapan TV, TV Triarga Bukit Tinggi, Pontianak TV, Simpanglima TV, TV Banjarmasin, Samarinda TV, Radar Cirebon TV); PT Tempo Inti Media (1 local TV station that Tempo TV); Media Group (1 national TV station that Metro TV); News One Media Holding (1 local TV station: BeritaSatu TV, pay-TV station and one of First Media); Kompas Gramedia Group (10 local TV stations: Reuters TV, Reuters TV Field, Compass Palengbang TV, Bandung TV Compass, Compass TV Semarang, Surabaya Reuters TV, Reuters TV Yogyakarta, Denpasar Reuters TV, Reuters TV Banjarmasin, Makassar TV Compass).

The print media conglomerate in Indonesia is currently held by: Kompas Gramedia Group (27 newspapers: The Jakarta Post, Indonesia Porch, Pos Kupang, Bangka Pos, Banjarmasin Post, Sriwijaya Post, Daily Sun, Cash, Metro Banjar, Post Belitung , Prohaba, Flores Star, News Central Java, Pontianak Tribune, Tribune Jambi, Pekanbaru Tribune, Tribune Yogyakarta, East Tribune, Tribune East Kalimantan, Tribune Jakarta, Batam Tribune, Tribune West Java, Lampung Tribune, Tribune Manado, Medan Tribune; 45 magazines: O, My friends, Automotive, Chic, Nakita, Bobo, Essence, Idea, Remodeling, Business Ideas, Flona, Garden, Space, Hot Games, Forsel, Soccer, Signal, Saji, Tuberose, Sekar, Bobo Junior, Mombi, XY Kids, Ori, Disney Me, Bona, Motorcycle, Car and Tuning Guide, Auto Expert, Scooteriz, Otoplus, Chip, Photo-Video, Hi-Fi Choice, PC Plus, Motor Plus, Bikers, B2, Computer Info, Commando, Reload, Ride Bike, home; 2 tabloid the Star Nova and Nova; 17 licensed Magazines: National Geographic, Top Gear, Autobild, Jeep, Disney Junior, NG Traveler, Fortune, Living, More, In Style, Prevention, Girls, Donald Duck, Barbie, National Geographic Kids, Street Fellow); Global Mediacomm / MNC Group (1 newspaper: Koran Sindo; 4 magazines: High EndMag, High End Teen Mag, Trust, Just for Kids Magazine; 2 tabloids: Genie, Mom & Kiddie); Mahaka Media Group (2 newspapers: Daily Republika and Indonesia; 2 magazines: Golf Digest Indonesia, Indonesian Parents; 1 Tabloid tabloids that Janna); Jawa Pos Group (133 newspaper: Memorandum, Bandung Radar, Radar Cirebon, Tasikmalaya Radar, Radar Bogor, Pasunda Express, Radar Karawang, Bandung Express, Falkirk Eskpress, Sukabumi Radar, Radar Indramayu, Brass Radar, Radar Majalengka, Bekasi Radar, Radar Semarang, Radar Solo, Central Java-Yogyakarta Post Post, Tegal Radar, Radar Banyumas, Holy Radar, Radar Pekalongan, Ekspress Magelang, Yogyakarta Radar, Radar Bali, Metro Bali, Lombok Post, East Express, Indopos, People of Freedom, Green Light, Non Stop, Guo Ji Ri Bao, Indonesia Business Today, Radar Banten, Banten Kingdom Pos, Pos Tangsel, Satellite News, Banten Post, the People of Aceh, Metro Aceh, North Sumatra Pos, Pos Metro Field, Siantar Metro, Metro shavings, Metro Tapanuli, Padang Express, Pos Metro Padang, North Sumatra People, Riau Pos, Pos Pekanbaru, Mx Pekanbaru, Dumai Post, Metro Tabagsel, Batam Pos, Pos Metro Batam, Tanjungpinang Post, Ekpress Sumatra, Palembang Pos, Radar Palembang, condo Pos, Pos Prabumulih, Cau Ekspress, Cau Heading East, Lahat Post, Daily Banyuasin, Palembang Ekspress, Ekspress Enim, Ogan Express, The Independent Jambi, Jambi Ekspress, Posmetro Jambi, Bungo Post, Radar Tanjab, Sarolangun Express, The Star Jambi, Kerinci Post, Sarko Radar, Radar Kerinci, RadarBute, People Bengkulu, Bengkulu Ekspress, South Radar, Radar Pat Petulai, Bangka Belitung Post, Radar Lampung, Lampung People, Radar Metro, Central Lampung Radar, Radar West Lampung, South Lampung Radar, Radar Tanggamus, Kotabumi Radar, Radar Tuba , Kaltim Post, Post Samarinda, Metro Balikpapan, Tarakan Radar, Pontianak Post, Daily Equator, Metro Pontianak Kapuas Post, Kun Ri Bao Dian, Singkawang Metro, Metro Ketapang, Central Kalimantan Post, Sampit Radar, Radar Banjarmasin, Dawn, City News, Pane Pos, Pos Palopo, Ujung Pandang Ekspress, Bulukumba Radar, Radar Bone, Sinjai Radar, Radar West Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi Radar, Luwuk Post, Kendari Pos Ekspress Kendari, Buton Radar, Radar Kolaka, Manado Post, Post Manado, Manado Radar, Radar Kotabunan , Ambon Ekspress, Radar Ambon, North Maluku Post, Post Gorontalo, Gorontalo Radar, Cendrwasih Post, Radar Timika; 6 tabloids: Otomodify, Agrobis Bird, Omeg, Mentari Son of Hope, Jobs, Hajj). Another giant group PT Tempo Inti Media (1 newspaper: Koran Tempo; 2 magazine: Tempo and U-Magazine); Media Group (3 newspaper Media Indonesia, Lampung Post, Borneo Post); MRA Media Group (16 magazine licensed: Cosmopolitan, Cosmo Girl, Harper's Bzzr, Amica, Good Housekeeping, Mother & Baby, Spice, Hair Ideas, Auto Car, Target Car, Esquire, Trax, FHM, Fitness, Bravacasa, Bali & Beyond); A News Media Holdings (4 newspaper: Voice Reform, Investor Daily, The Jakarta Globe, The Straits Times; 6 magazine: Investors, Globe Asia, The Peak, Kemang Buzz, Campus, Student Globe). In addition there is also the Femina Group (6 magazines: Girl, Cita Cinta, Femina, Enchantment, Goddess, Ayahbunda; 8 magazine licensed: Cleo, Parenting, Fit, Men's Health, Reader's Digest, Grazia, Best Life, Estetica) and also group Media Bali Post (Bali Post, Bisnis Bali, Denpasar Post, Jakarta Business, People, Wiyata Mandala, Latitude, Bali Travel News (Nugroho, Princess, and Lakshmi, 2012; Lim, 2012). tycoons How does the mass media in the capture audience (market)? answer is simple. they perform a variety of ways. however of different ways, it can only be done in three modes.

One, the content presented by various media companies adapted to the tastes of the market or the largest number of potential audience. This method is waged to get the attention of readers, viewers, and listeners (audience) in large numbers. Hopefully, by getting a large audience, then the circulation (for print media), or rating (for the medium of television and radio), as well as traffict (for online media) of the mass media companies become high.

The hope, with the amount of lint tiggi, rating, and his traffict, tariff / price advertising in the mass media to be high as well. For print media companies, along with the high circulation will get a double benefit. First, the high circulation indicate opportunities or level of legibility (readership) higher. The higher the level of legibility, a parameter of fame of any print media company. Secondly, the advantages in the form of income circulation (circulation) or from the print media sold in the market. Third, the media companies get advertising revenue is also high; because as long as the advertiser is only "subject" on a high or low number of readers of print media.

Two, do a horizontal integration. This step is the most fundamental strategies to strengthen business networks print media, television media, radio media, and online media. A group of media companies do when their horizontal integration of media are expanding their business to establish a new media company in the area. A simple example, group Kompas Gramedia Group publishes the Tribune Tribune Java and Yogyakarta.

Three, vertical integration. In which the mass media companies to expand their business into the field of non-media businesses. Examples of simple, CT Group established Carrefour, hotels, and other non business media. Vertical integration horizontal integration at the same time run concurrently by a group of media corporations, will double the financial benefits of the business practices of the media and non-media. Two different lines of business which it (the business of media and non-media) will mutually support each other, but the prerequisite requires the support of capital and human resources major. The bad implications, uniformity of information; because the media industry is concentrated in a number of media corporations. Moreover, the media company's shares are owned by only a few people. In fact, the ownership group of 14 media companies over there that are "crossed". For example, owners of Kompas Gramedia Group also has a stake "a percentage" in the CT Group. In my opinion, the future impact of competition among 14 national giant media group above will result in keoknya a media group; which forced them to merge (with other media companies alike feel threatened or beaten) or offer to be acquired (by the media company bigger), so that the next map penghegemoni pursing the media industry in the three groups (tripoli ), or the two groups (duopoly) only; could even be the only group (monopoly) (Supadiyanto, 2013).

Is beyond the 14 groups on the corporate media, there are still other mainstream media in Indonesia? Of course there are many. With reference to the data of the Press Council and the SPS (2012), in Indonesia there are at least 1,000 print media (measures of newspapers, magazines, tabloids), 217 local TV stations, 11 national TV stations, 16 TV stations subscribe, 11 TV networks, thousands of stations radios, and hundreds of online media. That is the major player in the Indonesian mainstream media has been "fairly abundant". With the number of journalists in Indonesia reached 100000-125000 people (referring to the data from the Chairman of PWI Margiono, 2012), of course, invite a big question whether it is possible with a number of reporters that "small" is capable of clicking coverwilayah Indonesia reached almost eight million square kilometers? Moreover, referring to the data conveyed by the Secretary General of the PWI Hendry Ch. Waking up to me at the end of 2013, the number of Indonesian journalists who passed the Competency Exam Journalists (UKW) only about 5,000 people. That is, the number of professional journalists in Indonesia is still very small. Logislah So, why the quality of the content (content) presented by various mainstream media is still questionable. Not to mention the problem Questioning the low monthly salary earned most of the journalists in Indonesia.

Data study conducted by the Alliance of Independent Journalists (AJI) in 2011, presented the following list of the monthly salary earned various mass media journalists in Jakarta area. Salary journalist Economic Daily Business Indonesia reached Rp 4,979,280; Daily Compass Rp 5,500,000; Tabloid Cash Rp 3,700,000; Daily Republika Rp 2,300,000; National Journal Daily Rp 2,500,000; LKBN Between Rp 2,700,000; Seputar Indonesia Rp 2,250,000; Koran Tempo Rp 2,700,000; Daily Indopos Rp 3,300,000; Post City Daily Rp 1,700,000; Daily News City of USD 2,800,000; Daily News City of USD 2,700,000; The Jakarta Globe Rp 5,500,000; Daily People's Freedom Rp 2,000,000; Daily Rays of Hope Rp 2,000,000; Self Magazine USD 2.69699 million; Slot Magazine Rp 2,500,000; TPI / MNCTV Rp 2,400,000; Trans TV Rp 2.500.000; SCTV Rp 2,500,000; DAAI TV Rp 2,480,000; KBR 68H Radio Rp 3,300,000; I Radio Rp 2,400,000; Radio Sonora FM Rp 3,300,000; Hukumonline.com Rp 1,600,000; Kompas.com Rp 2,700,000; Detik.com Rp 2,400,000; Vivanews.com Rp 2,600,000; Okezone.com Rp 2,300,000; TV One Rp 3,500,000. When compared with the acquisition of salaries of journalists who work in the area, certainly far from the nominal figure above. In fact, the numbers are still many who are under the minimum wage (UMR), but until now there has been no official referral data that can be relied upon (Manan, 2011).

There is an interesting fact that the mass media industry worldwide is still only six companies controlled by the Jewish-owned mass media. The media giant company is Vivende Universal, AOL Time Warner, The Walt Disney Corporation, Bertelsmann AG, Viacom, and News Corporation. Six of the world's media conglomerate controlled 96 percent of the world's media markets (Ramdan, Anton A. 2009). The conglomerate (the world's richest men) control the world media interest in the media industry in the world, in addition to profit (material-economic mission); also at the same time in order to spread its influence (political-ideological mission). So there is a very strong relationship, why the conglomerate's departure from the mass media and their businesses were predominantly Jewish (Supadiyanto, 2014).

Invention (technology) Internet by Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) which was formed by the United States Department of Defense in 1969, which later sparked Vint Cerf as "Father of the Internet", became a big innovation for human civilization (Rosmawaty, 2010). However, other data relied on: http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Kleinrock, not Vint Cerf were named the "Father of the Internet", but Leonard Kleinrock (professor of computer science at the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Science in the United States as well one of the pioneers of digital communication networks, and help build the ARPANET) which gave birth to the theory of packet switching (1959) and the theory of packet switching in relation to the package which is the forerunner technology (technology) Internet (1961). In a way, the Internet is becoming an advanced technology that enhance the predecessor technologies such as the invention of paper by Ts'ai Lun in 105, or the invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg Gensfleisch zur Laden zum in 1450 and the invention of radio by Guglielmo Marconi in 1874 and the invention of the television by John L. Baird in 1926. tangent to it, Marshall McLuhan (1964), communication character-inspired sociology of Canada gave birth to the concept of the global village (global village), which in its realization is now a social reality called globalization.

Growth in number of Internet users in Indonesia are also fairly fantastic during this Reform Order. Based on data from Internet World Stats Web Directory (1998-1999) and the Central Bureau of Statistics / BPS and the Association of Indonesian Internet / APJII (2013), the number of Internet user growth since July 1998 as many as 790,000 users); but in December 2013 as many as 71.19 million users. That is, within a period of 15 years, there is a surge in the number of Internet users in Indonesia reached 70.4 million people, equivalent 9011.4 percent. That is, the average growth in the number of Internet users per year as many as 4,693,333 people (or the equivalent of 391 111 people per month).

Indeed the presence of an era of media convergence (even towards the convergence of multimedia) is also initiated by the invention of the internet technology. The unification of the various types of mass media industries in the channel terintegratif; indeed on one side makes a lot of efficiency in the management of the media industry. Not only the capital resources that can be pressed expenditure, but also in terms of its human resources function can also be optimized; without reducing the profit earned by the company. Therefore, in this era of media convergence, every journalist should have the ability / skill in packaging a product multitalented news / information to be supplied to the print media, television media, radio media, as well mediaonline.

Thus, in this era of media convergence, "exploitation" of the journalist is to be a highly sensitive; because every journalist increasingly required to work even harder to produce a variety of quality journalism; or in accordance with the tastes of the audience. The presence of online media (the Internet key word) that continues to shift the current existence of print media, making the print media entrepreneur since the late 2000s began to make online channels; as a form of anticipation that its print media still exist in the print media competition continues to increase in intensity. So, in addition to having the print media, today every print media companies also have online sites, and even a number of print media companies also publish digital versions of the paper (electronic paper).

Not only that, the unification of the various types of media (print media, digital media, online media, media, radio, and television media) in the roof of the company; or even within a single screen (monitor) laptop / computer; prove that the integration of different types of media over the network further strengthen corporate mass media. As a result, there is uniformity of information broadcast by the network group media company. Public was forced to get the information that completely uniform. In another aspect, it made a concentrated wealth of the owners of the media company's capital in Indonesia.

The proof, Globe Asia Magazine, June 2013 released the 150 richest people in Indonesia, where 14 kkonglomerat of which engage in business in the field of mass media. They are: Aburizal Bakrie, Bakrie Group, USD 2.45 billion (richest-6), Mochtar Riady, Lippo Group, USD 2.15 billion (richest-9), Chairul, CT Corp, USD 2.05 billion (richest 12), Hary Tanoesoedibjo, MNC Group, $ 1.7 billion (17th richest), Ciputra, Ciputra Group, USD 1.375 billion (richest 23), Kartini Muljadi & Handojo Slamet Muljadi, Tempo Group, USD 1.37 billion (richest 24), Jakob Oetama, Kompas-Gramedia Group, USD 1.3 billion (richest 26), Eddy Sariaatmadja & Fofo Sariaatmadja, SCTV, from $ 1.1 billion (35th richest ), Surya Dharma Paloh, Media Group, a USD 387 million (richest 91), Dahlan Iskan, Jawa Pos Group, a USD 370 million (richest 93), Sukamdani Sahid & Gitosardjono, Sahid Group, a USD 367 million (richest to -94), Benny Suherman, Studio 21 Group, a USD 285 million (richest-108), Jacobus Busono, Pura Group, a USD 105 million (richest-144), Raam Punjabi, Multivision Plus, USD 101 million (richest ke- 145).

How the fate of online media in the era of mass media convergence today? Of course the answer is very prospective. It was given various advantages possessed by the online media. Even now online journalism has now become a new chapter in the world of journalism. The paper technology thrown by Internet technology. Various print media company out of business, whether at home or abroad. So they divert business to the online media. Because it is considered faster, environmentally friendly and efficient. The implication, the triumph of newspapers and other paper-based media increasingly replaced by internet-based online media presence. And proved, now the internet has been juggling the conventional industry, becoming a digital-based industry. One of them is the media industry. Until now the mass media still believed to be the most powerful tool in influencing public opinion. Industry print media, electronic media and online media is growing rapidly today, confirms the media business is a business that favored employers. The trend now, the expansion of the conventional mass media towards online Internet-based media more lively.

Advantages of online media is far superior in speed display, the content is more varied and far-wide, the entire audience can be accessed throughout the world, and economically very cheap, makes a lot of print media management companies to change the format into online media. As it is, professional journalist to be very prospective online, the economic calculation and idealism. Especially now everyone can be online journalists. The term popularity, everyone can be a journalist resident (citizen journalism). By being an online journalist, everyone is more extensive and flexible in the various activities of reportage. Finally, the competition between online media becoming a necessity that can not be avoided anymore. Only online media supported by editorial management and professional management korporasional, eventually became the winner in the heat of the print media industry, electronic and online (Supadiyanto, 2012).

By considering the map / media industry landscape in Indonesia is still dominated by the 14-national private corporations only, giving rise to uniformity of information. It can make the information uniform compactness; but behind it is very dangerous to the future of democracy. Because the public does not have alternatives other diverse information. In the world of communication, it is not true that a single truth. Contrary to the exact sciences, in which truth was single. Truth is worth double (plural). Because of the social sciences apply a minimum of three paradigms of truth. Paradigm truth quantitative (positivistic), the qualitative paradigm (postpositivistik), and the critical paradigm (interpretive). And the mass media play a role in the top three paradigms proportionally. Because in the world of communication adheres to understand that truth is not singular; it takes intelligence of the audience (readers, viewers, listeners) to scrutinize every product news / information presented by various mainstream media tends to create a business-oriented and market-power politics as the main objective of the establishment of various media companies. Each audience should have the power of media literacy is strictly to monitor the content presented by any media company. No matter the mass media owned by state-owned or private, just the same. Everything must be scrutinized with an intelligent. Public not to swallow all product news / information presented by various commercial companies such media. Without having power critics, and media literacy to above; public merely be used as a target market commoditization materials for various media companies reap the benefits in the form of advertising revenue (especially for print media as well electronic media) and circulation revenue / lint (for print media).

Media literacy activities could be raised through citizen journalism. Because the activity of the journalist style, making each person becomes powerless (not deceived) in response to a variety of information that is scattered in the community. Penetration of Internet technologies is increasingly prevalent in various regions in Indonesia, a keyword pushing citizen journalism activities.

Because the technology relies on the Internet is able to overcome the constraints of space and time.

http://media.kompasiana.com/mainstream-media/2014/02/20/lanskap-industri-media-massa-arus-utama-dan-media-online-633397.html (Continued)

Newsweek to shut down print edition and go all digital

December 31 will mark the last print edition for the news magazine as it makes the jump to an all-digital format.

After an 80-year stint, Newsweek is cancelling its print publication and will go all digital come 2013.

The news was revealed today on the Daily Beast, the online news site that merged with Newsweek in 2010. Daily Beast and Newsweek editor Tina Brown and Baba Shetty, CEO of the combined company, said that the December 31 edition will be the magazine's last print version.

Known as Newsweek Global, the new digital edition will provide news and information on a worldwide scale. Access to Newsweek Global will be available via paid subscriptions for both Web and tabletusers. Certain content will also appear on the Daily Beast site.

Faced with dwindling print sales, many magazines have turned all digital. But the impact seems to hit harder when a publication like Newsweek makes the switch. Along with Time, Newsweek has been one of the nation's core news magazines, gracing newsstands since 1933.

In explaining the decision to turn digital, Brown and Shetty cited a recent Pew study, which said that 39 percent of Americans find their news online , up from 33 percent just two years ago. In line with that trend, the Daily Beast now brings in more than 15 million unique visitors each month, a jump of 20 percent over the past year.

Brown and Shetty didn't reveal the readership numbers for the print edition of Newsweek. But Newsweek's entry in Wikipedia cited a drop in worldwide circulation of 4 million in 2003 to just 1.5 million in 2010. CNN reported a paid circulation of just 1.2 million over the past 12 months.

They did admit that business has been impacted by challenges in the print ad market. Newsweek's revenue from print advertising dropped $334 million, or 70 percent, from 2007 to 2011, CNN noted. At the same time, Newsweek's online and mobile editions have claimed higher readership, especially among tablet users.

"In our judgment, we have reached a tipping point at which we can most efficiently and effectively reach our readers in all-digital format," Brown and Shetty said.

Indonesia in Focus

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Unfinished journey (14)

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