(Qaybta saddex boqol iyo kow iyo labaatan), Depok, West Java, Indonesia, 25 July 2015, 7:23 pm)
My deriskiisa, oo saaxiib la ah shirka deegaanka cakiran guryaha masaajid ku gurigeyga, mar ii sheegay, in dhallinyarada ay ku jiraan sigaarka culus (qabatinka sigaarka), ilaa fariistay isna wuxuu lahaa laba nooc labo jeer ee siddo (isku tallaalidda) tan qalbiga, oo waxay lahaayeen laba jeer qaliin ay sabab u tahay kansarka maskaxda, hawl ugu horeysay lagu guulaystay, laakiin hal sano ka dib qaliin labaad kansarka maskaxda, waxa uu ku jirey miyir muddo dhawr bilood ah, ka hor inta uusan ku dhintay iyadu.
My walaalkiis ka yar ninkii tan Junior High School (SMP) ayaa sidoo kale sigaarka kencanduan, qaangaarnimada, aan waqti in ay guursadaan (guursaday) ayay ku dhintay kansarka sanbabada.
Waxaa jira walaalkiis ka yar oo aan qabatinka sigaarka kale isagoo da 'yar oo jecel inuu cabin biir (sakhraannimo), hadda ka dib da'da 50 sano, aan caadi ahayn ee maskaxda (sida aan la haynin maan caadi ah) si ilaa isagoo da' weyn ma jiro rabitaan u lahayn in ay ka shaqeeyaan iyo u nool ama gabi ahaanba doonayn in aan is guursano (guursaday) iyadoo ay sabab u ah cudurka dhimirka la sheegay in ay saameeyeen.
Taasi waa sababta sida ay Ustad Abu Yahya Badrussalam in tauziahnya ee Radio Rodja, sigaarka waa xaaraan Golaha Culimadu of Saudi Arabia.
Wuxuuna yidhi Abu Yahya sida la barbardhigo ah, in sigaar kasta waxaa ku jira walxaha 2000 sun, doofaarka ku saabsan 60 walxaha xun halka arak (khamriga / biir) waxay ka kooban tahay 30 walxaha sunta ah.
In la eego diinta, ayuu yiri Abu Yahya Badrusalam, Aakhiro ka dib, qiiq noqotay dembi miisaanka waaya'aragnimo aakhiro.
Sigaarka fatwa Muhammadiyah Haram
Shan sano ka hor, Guddiga Arrimaha Sharciga iyo Tajdid PP Muhammadiyah sigaarka weli memfatwakan la ogolaan karo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, fatwa ahaa sanadkan loo beddelaa sharci darro ah. Khilaafaadyo sidoo kale ka soo muuqan.
Muhammadiyah sababta ay beddesho? Ma runbaa in sababta oo ah gargaarka ee shisheeyaha ah ee la xiriira heshay ururadan?
On ay website, guddida sharciyada iyo Tajdid haatan waxa uu sabab memfatwakan sababta sigaarka Muhammadiyah haram. Fadhigan su'aal iyo jawaab ah oo ku saabsan sigaar fatwa Haram, ayaa ku tilmaamay 2005, Sharciga Guddiga Arrimaha iyo Tajdid weli lahayn xogta ku filan iyo macluumaadka in la gaadhsiiyey kartaa framers ee fatwa ka. "Ka dib markii baadhitaan ay ugu Yeedha dib qaar ka mid ah khubarada caafimaadka, dadka iyo sociologists, Sharciga Guddiga Arrimaha iyo Tajdid isbedelka noqdo fatwa haram sigaarka la ogolaan karo," ayaa uu yiri Majliska Arrimaha Sharciga Guddiga iyo Tajdid.
Iyadoo waqtiga la of this fatwa cusub, ka dibna fatwa hore ee sigaarka waa la ogolaan sheegay in waxba kama jiraan. Sharxay, sigaarka waxaa loo arkaa khatar iyo qabatimo oo ka kooban 4,000 oo kiimikooyin, halkaas oo 69 iyaga ka mid yihiin cudurka kansarka (kiciya kansarka). Qaar ka mid ah walxaha ku jira sigaarka waxyeelo ka mid ah daamurka, cyanide, arsenic, formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, oo nitrosamines yihiin. Waxa uu sidoo kale sharaxaad ka bixiyay in sigaarka u badan tahay inuu la kulmo cuduro halis ah sida kansarka sanbabada badan cabbin. Sigaarka No yihiin "ammaan".
Agaasimaha guud ee WHO, Dr. Margaret Chan, ayaa sheegay in faafa tubaakada ay horey u dila 5.4 milyan oo qof sanadkiiba sababo la xiriira kansarka sanbabada iyo cudurka wadnaha iyo cudurrada kale ee uu keeno sigaarka. Taas macnaheedu waa in mid ka mid ah dhimashada adduunka ay sabab u tahay tubaakada kasta 5.8 ilbiriqsi.
Haddii tallaabooyinka ku habboon gacanta aan ku qaadeen, dad lagu qiyaasay 8 milyan oo qof u dhiman doonaan sigaarka sannad walba sannadka 2030. Intii lagu guda jiray qarnigii 20aad, 100 milyan oo qof ayaa u dhintey sigaarka iyo inta lagu jiro qarnigii 21aad waxaa la qiyaasayaa in ku dhawaad 1 bilyan oo noloshooda ku lumi lahayd natiijo ka timid sigaarka.
Qawl sigaarka Haram
Muhammadiyah soo saaray fatwo sigaarka ah waa goolka inay dadaal ku bixiyaan dayactirka iyo hagaajinta caafimaadka bulshada oo qeyb ka ah ujeedooyinka shareecada (sharciga Islaamka). Sida laga soo xigtay Guddoomiyaha Muhammadiyah, Yunahar Ilyas, fatwa waa ijtihad ah culimada. "Waa boodboodi doonaa ka dib markii shirkii tarjih si qoto dheer oo ku saabsan sigaarka. Sannadkii 2005, Sharcigu wuxuu la ogolaan karo. Sidoo kale, sannadkii 2007, "ayuu yiri.
Qawl soo socda salka go'aanka qaaday in sigaarka waa arrin, sida laga soo xigtay qoraalka ee Guddiga iyo Tajdid arrimaha sharciyada ee dhawaan amaro uu tiriyey 6 / SM / MTT / III / 2010:
Camal Sigaar loo asteeyey samayn khabaa'its (wasakh / nijaas) waxaa ka mamnuuc ah in Quraanka Surat Al Araf (v) 157.
Kasbadeen, sigaar ka kooban yahay xubno ka xulba ka baabbi'in iyo xataa fal is disho si tartiib ah si ay u soo horjeedda mamnuucidda Al Quraanka Baqoroh (v) 2 iyo An-Nisa (aayadda) 29.
Ficilka ee sigaarka naftooda iyo kuwa kale u saameeyeen gaadhista qiiqa sigaarka, sababtoo ah khatar sigaarka waa walax la qabatimo oo lagu daray waxa ku jira 4000, 69 ka mid ah kuwaas oo ah kansarka kansar / abuuray (TCSC-AKMI Xaashida Xaqiiqada, xaqiiqda Tubaakada ee Indonesia) oo lagu heshiiyey khubaro caafimaad iyo aqoonyahano caafimaad. Sidaa darteed sigaar lid ku ah mabaadii'da Islaamka ee Xadiiska Nabiga in "fal aan Naftooda iyo dhib dadka kale khatar."
Sigaarka waxaa loo aqoonsan yahay wax lala qabsado oo oo ka kooban xubno ka sunta waxyeello, inkastoo aan si degdeg ah, laakiin wax yar ka dib Sidaa darteed fal ah ee sigaarka, oo ay ku jiraan qaybaha wax u jilciyaa si lid ku ah Nabiga xadiiska mamnuucaya kiis kasta oo eheyd ee iyo curyaamiyaa ha gudahood.
Sidaa darteed sigaar halis caafimaad cad in dadka sigaarka cabba, iyo dadka ku xeeran gaadhista in qiiqa sigaarka, markaas lacag la qarashgareeyo sigaarka ka dhigan tahay siyaado ah (qashinka) waa ka mamnuuc Quraanka Surat Al-Isra ah (v) 26-27.
Sigaarka waa lid ku ah ujeedada aasaaska ah shareecada (maqaasid ash-syariiah), kuwaas oo ilaalinta diinta, naf / jirka, maskaxda, qoyska iyo hantida.
Khilaafaadyo
Gudoomiyaha Muhammadiyah, Din Syamsuddin ugu baaqay dhammaan dhinacyada in aan qaado noocaas ahi mamnuucay fatwa sigaarka. Halkii waa in ay ixtiraamaan sharciga sidii aragti sare oo booskiisa. "Qof kasta oo aan ku qanacsanayn oo diiday la xiriira sababo ka yar sabab awood leh, fadlan si xor ah u gudbiyaan fatwa kale la sabab ka badan," ayuu yiri Din Shamsuddin.
Waxaa la xusay Din on careesan Seminar Qaranka "Building Dhismaha DHUFEYSKA Muhammadiyah Xiriirinta iyo Politics" ee Muhammadiyah Dupai Port ah, Jalan Dukuh Menanggal Surabaya, Tuesday, March 16, 2010.
Waxay isagii u sheegeen, digtay soo saaray Tarjih iyo Muhammadiyah Tajdid aan ku qabanaya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, fatwa uu leeyahay meel sare oo waa in loo hoggaansamo.
Sida laga soo xigtay Din, ka fatwa sigaarka aragtida Diineed aan ku qabanaya. Laakiin, damiir ku qabanaya. Waayo, kuwa aadan ku raacsanayn fadlan iska indho. "Fadlan u fiirso, dad badan oo mudharad iyada ama ma," ayuu yiri.
Taageerada Syafii sigaarka Haram
Ciyaaryahankii hore ee Gudoomiyaha sigaarka Muhammadiyah jiira Maarif raacsan fatwadii la soo saaray Guddiga Arrimaha Sharciga ee Muhammadiyah. Sidaa darteed, saamaynta xun ee sigaarka keliya ma aha ee sigaarka cabba, laakiin sidoo kale caafimaadka kuwii Gaararkiisa. "Waxaan oggolahay, inkasta oo ma fududa in la fuliyo,".
Mamnuucista sigaarcabka, ayaa sheegay in ka jiira, ayaa muddo dheer ku sameeyey. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, fulinta waxa caqabad ku ah dadka sigaarka cabba aad u tiro badan iyo kuwa horay loo arkaa mid caadi ah. "Waa in sidoo kale loo arkaa shaqaalaha wershedaha sigaarka, tubaakada beeralayda iyo kuwo kale," ayuu yiri. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga, in kastoo ay adag tahay in la fuliyo, fatwa ay ku kacaya soo socda. Iyadoo qoraalada, dadka la siiyaa waano ee naxariis iyo fahamka laga mamnuucay sigaarcabka ka dambeeya.
Muhammadiyah sigaarka darrada memfatwakan in heshiiska abuurtay bishii March 8, 2010 Previous Yogyakarta Muhammadiyah sanado berfatwa sigaarka sharci la ogolaan karo ama mamnuuc ah.
Guddoomiyaha Muhammadiyah mas'uul ka ah guddida arrimaha sharciyada ee, Yunahar Ilyas, waxay aqoonsan tahay fatwa adag dilaksanankan. Sidaa darteed, in fatwa text tarjih la kala sooci sharci iyo fulinta. "Xaaladda qaanuun si cad sharci darro ah, laakiin in marxaladaha fulinta, ma aha qasab dhan hal mar," ayuu yiri.
Isla mar ahaantaa, ayaa sheegay in Yunahar, beeralayda tubaakada heli kartaa siyaabo kale. "Fatwa Tani waxaa go'aan ka fiirsaneysa inay mabda'a at-tadriij (si tartiib tartiib ah), at-taisiir (sariiro), iyo" Aadan al-sako (ma adag), "ayuu yiri. Yunahar ayaa sheegay in dadka sigaarka cabba badan oo doonaya inuu ka tago laakiin ku adag tahay sababtoo ah waa balwadda ah. Sidaa darteed, isbitaalka taladoodu hoos Muhammadiyah furi doonaa rugta daaweynta joojinta sigaarka. "Waxaa jira hab," ayuu yiri.
Waxa uu tilmaamay, ka mid ah hababka kale si ay u joojiyaan cabidda sigaarka lagu bedelay nacnac gaar ah ama sigaarka been-abuurka ah. "Sunta khatarta ah la tir tiro, ee nicotine sigaarka jira oo keliya. Waxa la cuno si run ahaantii ay awoodaan in ay joojiyaan, "ayuu yiri.
Asalka Maxaad Waa in Reebay in aad sigaar cabto?
Sigaar ha naga fogeeyo waa go'aan weyn in ay leeyihiin saameyn weyn sidoo kale. Saamaynta ay faa'iidooyinka aad u weyn marka lagu fulinayo iyo sidoo kale sababta oo ah in ka badan faa'iidooyinka mudharatnya mangutamakan. Si loo go'aamiyo go'aannada muhiimka ah in culimada waa in ay tixgelisaa doodaha badan oo ka mid ah diinta Islaamka iyo weheliso xogta iyo macluumaadka caafimaadkaaga ku saabsan khatarta sigaarka iyo mudharatnya wanaagsan naftaada iyo dadka kale oo goobta joogay. Go'aanka weyn ku xidhan tahay in ay keeni muran weyn sidoo kale xusuuso, waxaan jeclahay oo sigaarka adag tahay in meesha laga saaro. kooxda taageerada sigaarka sharci darro dhab ahaan nuugi doonaa sababtoo ah khatarta kulul demkian ee sigaarka Dadka. Wixii soo horjeeda arimo badan oo noqday sabab sababtoo ah marka lagu daro inay adag tahay in la baabi'iyo sigaarka, waayi sababaha classic in ay xirto warshad sigaarka, wax xuja ah ee sababo diimeed iyo sababaha ay u baahan tahay dood dheer. Inkastoo khasaaraha xog ku salaysan cilmibaadhis kala go'do qiiqa sigaarka lahaa dhabta ah iyo aadanaha oo goobta joogay. Laakiin dhab ahaan culimada kala duwan ee dalalka Islaamka dunida oo dhan ayaa bilaabay in ay u diid sigaarka dadkiisa.
Inkasta oo aanay jirin Aayaadka Quraanka, xadiiska Nabiga iyo afar dugsi ra'yiga scholarly oo sheegay sigaarka sida alaabta darrada ah, wadaad makaninnin Shihab ayaa sabab xoojinaysaa fekerkiisa ku aadan in sigaarka waxa ay noqon sharci darro ah. Sigaarka, sida ay Quraysh ah, saamayn aad u xun ku saabsan caafimaadka iyo ma aha waafaqsan ujeeddooyinka diineed. Halka ujeedada kala duwan waa in ay ilaaliyaan caafimaadka, Quluub, hantida, iyo sharaf. "Sharciga Islaamka la go'aamin karaa in goor waafaqsan. Haddii ay jirto saamayn xun, waxaa si cad u mamnuuc. Haddii kale aad, Makruh dheer ama nacaayo, "ayuu yiri.
In horumarka maanta, ayuu yiri, ayaa khubaro badan oo dhakhaatiir ah oo sheegay, sigaarka dhaawici kara caafimaadka. "Xitaa shirkadaha sigaarka ayaa sidoo kale qiran. Haddii kale waxa aan doonaynin in ay sameeyeen warbixin ee (baakado) sigaarka, "ayuu yiri. Intaa waxaa dheer, sigaarka sababa Ture. Qiimaha daaweynta cudurada keena sigaarka waa ka badan faa'iido canshuurta helay dowladda ka. Smoke, sidoo kale eryay dadka in ay qabatinka iyo diimaha ma aqbalayso ay qabatinka. "Iyada oo ku saleysan tixgelinta ah in culimada badan oo casri ah kuwaas oo sheegay in haram sigaarka. Aniga qudhayduba waxaan u muuqdaan in ay xukumi sharci darrada ah. Kaliya qashinka, cudur sabab, oo waxaa qirtay warshad sigaarka ah by, "ayuu yiri. Sidaa darteed, waa waqtigii dowladda reactivate xilli anti-sigaar ku lug leh dhammaan dhinacyada. "Warbaahinta ayaa waa in laga qayb, culimada lug, dowladda ayaa sidoo kale," ayuu yiri. Intaa waxaa dheer, sharci sigaarka waa in sidoo kale la sii adkeeyay. "Xayiraadda in sidoo kale la adkeeyay, in alla inta ma aha mid aad adag," ayuu yiri makaninnin. Culimada Casriga ayaa muddo dheer ka hor idinkoo xukumaya sigaarka sida alaabta darrada ah. Imam ugu weyn ee Al-Azhar Masar 1960, Sheikh Maxamuud Syaltut qiimeeyo opinion sheegaysa in sigaarka waa mamnuuc xitaa makruh, oo u dhaw in ay run iyo muran ka xoog. Sheikh Muhammad Al-Kuttani wac 17 'dood / sababaha ku saabsan mamnuucidda sigaarka
Khatarta sigaarka in caafimaadka
Qiiqa sigaarka ku jira kumanaan kiimikooyin sun ah iyo walxaha keeni kara kansarka (kansar). Xitaa walxaha khatarta ah iyo sunta ah ee sigaarka ma aha oo kaliya sababta dhibaatooyin caafimaad ee dadka sigaarka cabba, laakiin sidoo kale in ay dadka ku wareegsan oo aadan sigaar cabin, oo intooda badan dhallaanka, carruurta iyo hooyooyinka waxaa lagu qasbay in ay sigaarka dadban, maxaa yeelay, aabbihiis ama Ragoodaana sigaar cabbin guriga. Halka sigaarka dadban waxay leeyihiin halis sarreysa ugu jirtaa in dhibaato ay ka soo kansarka sanbabada iyo ishkemia cudurka wadnaha. Halka in ilmaha caloosha ku, dhallaanka iyo carruurta ay khatar weyn u xanuunsataan, laga bilaabo dhalashada miisaanka yar yahay dhacdooyinka, boronkiitada iyo oofwareenka, caabuqa dhegaha iyo saabka neefta.
Marka la eego baaxadda dhibaatada sigaarka, bulshada oo dhan iyo xukuumaddu waa inay elalu isku day in uu ordo siyaabo ka hortagga sigaarka si nidaamsan oo joogto ah ayaa soo hagaagaya la talinta iyo bixinta macluumaadka dadweynaha, ballaariyo iyo dardar meesha aan sigaarka, si tartiib tartiib ah loo yareeyo advertising ah iyo kor u qaadidda sigaarka, toosinta hawlaha qoraalka ku , iyadoo la isticmaalayo hab qiimaha hoos u dalabka iyo labixiyo marka sigaarka iyo hagaajiyo sharciyada iyo xeerarka ku saabsan sigaar arrimaha ka hortagga. Sida laga soo xigtay wasiirka caafimaadka, saboolnimada iyo sigaarka, gaar ahaan dadka saboolka ah waa laba arimood oo isku xiran yihiin oo ay saameyn ku kasta oo kale. Qofka sigaarka gubay maalin kasta ay ka dhigan tahay ayaa laga badiyay fursad ay ku soo iibsato caano ama cuntooyinka kale ee la nafaqo leh carruurta iyo qoysaska. Sidaas darteed ilmaha si fiican uma koraan iyo kecerdasanya sidoo kale ma yeellan ku filan, si ay awood u helaan nolol ka wanaagsan in qaangaarnimada in ay aad u yar. Waxaa intaa dheer, u badan tahay aabbahay waa dhimatay sababo la xiriira cudurada la xiriira sigaarka. Oo sidaas daraaddeed ku, si aan qiiqa iyo saboolnimada waa setan.Menkes goobo ku daray, caadooyinka sigaar Indonesia waxay noqonaysaa inay kordhiso. Iyada oo ku saleysan xogta laga Susenas (National dhaqaale Survey) dadka waaweyn ee dadka da'doodu tahay Indonesia kuwaas oo caado ka mid ah sigaarka inta ugu badan 31.6%. Iyada oo tiro badan iyo boqolkiiba sare ee dadka deegaanka kuwaas oo caado sigaar ah, Indonesia waa macaamiisha sigaarka shanaad ugu sarreeya dunida oo leh tirada sigaarka ku baabba'saday (la gubo) ee 2002 inta ugu badan 182 bilyan oo sigaarka sanad kasta ka dib markii Dadka Republic of China (1.697.291milyar), United States (463.504 billion), Russia (375,000 billion) oo Japan (299 085 billion). Madaxa wakiilka WHO si ay Indonesia hadal qoraal ah ka akhri Dr. Frits Reijsenbach de Haan sheegay, masaakiinta jira kooxo dad ah kuwaas oo intooda badan ay yihiin dhibanayaasha warshadaha sigaarka sababta oo ah waxa uu isticmaalaa dakhliga si ay u iibsadaan waxyaabo (sigaarka) in loo fidinaayo caafimaadkooda.
Warbixin cusub oo dhawaan ay soo saartay WHO, xaq u leedahay "Tubaakada iyo Saboolnimada: Cycle dagaalamaya ama tubaakada iyo Saboolnimada: meerto aad u xun" xuska No maalinta Tubaakada aduunka May 31, 2004, waxay daliil u tahay in dadka sigaarka cabba inta badan yihiin dadka saboolka ah. Xataa wadamada horumaray in kastoo, tirada dadka sigaarka cabba inta badan ka yimaadeen kooxaha bulshada ee hoos ku. Waxay sidoo kale qaba culeyska dhaqaale iyo dhibaatada caafimaad ee balwadda sigaarka. Of the qiyaastii 1.3 bilyan oo sigaarka dunida oo dhan, 84% oo ka mid ah dalalka soo koraya.
Natiijada baadhitaanka ayaa sidoo kale lagu ogaaday in tirada dadka sigaarka cabba waxaa uu ku badan India Madras dhab ka timid koox ka mid ah dadka aan waxba aqoonin. Markaas cilmi kale astaan u yahay in beelaha ugu saboolsan Bangladesh ku qaataan ku dhawaad 10 jeer sida lacagta daqliga badan tubaakada ka badan baahida waxbarasho. Markaas cilmi saddex gobolladiisii oo Vietnam ogaaday in dadka sigaarka cabba 3.6 jeer ka badan ku qaatay on tubaakada ka badan oo ku saabsan waxbarashada, 2.5 jeer oo kale tubaakada ka roonayn dharka iyo 1.9 jeer oo kale tubaakada badan kharashka daryeelka caafimaadka. Sida ay sheegtey WHO, sigaarka abuuri doono culays double, maxaa yeelay qiiqa qasin caafimaadka si ay kharashka dheeraad ah la gashay in lagu daweeyo cudurka. Ka sokow, meropok sidoo kale lacag waa in la isticmaalo si ay u iibsadaan cunto nafaqo leh ku qaatay.
Si aad u joojiso sigaar Indonesian Culimadu Council (MUI) ayaa qorsheeynaysa in ay soo saarto sigaarka mamnuucay fatwa ah. Fatwa Sigaarka in lagu qaran codsatay doono ayaa haatan wali wadahadal degdeg ah ka mid ah culimada. Guddoomiyaha Indonesian golaha culumada ee (MUI) Amidhan sheegay, hadda in uu ka hadlay suurtogalnimada in ee soo saaraan fatwo ay ku sigaarka. Sey aqbali Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) iyo Health Association, ayaa sheegay in Amidhan fatwa dhab ahaan ma ahan wax cusub oo MUI. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qodobada ay weli in laga doodo la tiro ka mid ah culimada. Inkasta oo Guddiga Indonesian Qaranka ee Badbaadada Caruurta (KPAI) iyo Ururka Caafimaadka ugu baaqay fatwa MUI si degdeg ah oo qarka u saaran sigaarka. Guddiga xaqiijin doonaa sigaarka gacanta lagu soo giringiriyey soo tubaakada ku dhibin caafimaadka. Sidaas arrintan la horkeeney fatwa sigaarka la filayaa lahaa si loo yareeyo tirada dadka sigaarka cabba ka mid ah carruurta.
MUI IYO PP Muhammadiyah Proscribe Sigaarka
Soo saaray Indonesian golaha culumada sigaarka fatwa ah. Tan waxaa ka dib oo ay taageerayaan fatwa la mid ah soo saaray Muhammadiyah iyada oo Majliska Arrimaha Sharciga Guddiga iyo Tajdid. "Ficilka ee sigaarka ku jira xubno ka xulba ay u baabba'aan," ayuu yiri Guddoomiyaha PP Muhammadiyah Yunahar Ilyas Division Arrimaha Sharciga ee Jakarta, Arbacadii (10/3), oo ku saabsan asalka dhalashada ee uu amarka ku. Currently wacyiga dadweynaha ku saabsan khatarta sigaarka yar yihiin. Sidoo kale, ku saabsan mamnuucidda sigaarka goobaha dadweynaha. Laga soo bilaabo tan uu ku dhashay ee No. Gobolka Regulation 2 ee 2005 on Air Pollution Control
Iyadoo fatwa sigaarka MUI ayaa aaminsan in ay jiraan in si degdeg ah dhaqan. "Quraanka marka ay wax la horeba Safwaan bulshada u diid, waxa uu ka balanqaadayaa in si tartiib ah loo qaaday," ayuu yiri Guddoomiye Ku-xigeenka oo ka mid ah MUI amaro uu Mustafa Ali Ya`qub. Marka weli faa'iidada iyo khasaaraha, waxaa jira mid hubaal waa diido. Oo kuwaasu warshadaha tubaakada iyo shaqaalaha ay. Sida mid ka mid ah dalalka soo saara tubaakada, kumanaan shaqaale ku tiirsan sigaarka. Tani waxaa la socday sigaarka Indonesian korodhay sanad ilaa sanad
Maxaad Sigaarka Haram
Qawl kala duwan waxay muujinaysaa sababta sigaarka sharci darro ah, maxaa yeelay, naftaada iyo dadka kale burburisay:
"Bixiyana (keen) jidka Eebe, ha iska xooro tuura burburinta, oo wanaag u sameeya, waayo, Eebe waa jecel yahay kuwa samo fala." [Al-Baqarah: 195]
Markaasay (Nabi) si degan Mad-yan, walaalkiis Shucayb, ayuu yidhi: "Qoomkayow Caabuda Eebe aad by, filan (Ajirka) dhamaadka maalintii, oo dhulka idinka ma mushaaxaan wax fasaadiya." [Al 'Ankabuut: 36]
"Hana fasaadinno Dhulka ka dib (Ilaah) inaan ku saxno" [Quraanka: 56]
"Hana kama dhibaysaan aadanaha oo ku saabsan xuquuqda iyo ma samayn baahsan ee dhulka inaan fasaadinno" [Ash Shu'ara: 183]
Of ra Sacad bin Saciid bin Malik, in SAW Rasululloh yiri, "mamnuuc oo dhan dhib khatar ah oo ay geeystaan." (Hasan Xadiiska Qisadii by Ibn Majah, Daruquthni, iyo Malik in Al-Muwatha ')
Eebe iyo Rasuulkiisa xaq dhan waa wanaagsan yahay iyo reebi in xun: "iyo Sunnada Nabiga (magac) ay ka heli qoran Tawreed iyo Injiil wuxuu ku dhinac, iyaga oo ku amray inuu sameeyo ma'ruf iyo iyaga oo diidaya in uu sameeyo waxa uu qaldan yahay iyo xaq ka dhiga kuwa wax wanaagsan iyo reebi iyaga iyo waxyaabo xun "[Al xumihiinna: 157]
Inta badan dadka sigaarka goobaha dadweynaha si ay u dhibin dadka kale. Ur iyo qiiq sigaar dhibaya dadka kale. Waa dembi weyn. Halkii sigaarka darrada ah, dadka cuni toon waa xalaal sababtoo ah waxa ay urin faragelin mamnuucay inay soo galaan masaajidka:
Ibn Cumar. wuxuu yiri: illeen Nabiga. Khaibar mar yiri: kuwa Cuni midhahan (toon), markaas waa in isagu geli masaajidka. (Abduh Muslim # 870)
Anas:. Si uu la weydiiyey oo ku saabsan toontii. Anas yiri: illeen Nabiga. mar yiri: Kuwa cunin geed this (toon), markaas waa inuusan noo dhow, ma uu imanayay oo waxaad noo baridaa leh. (Abduh Muslim, 872)
Jabir ra. wuxuu yiri: Rasuulkii Eebe. mamnuucaya Basal wax cunaya oo daffodil toon. Mid ka mid ah wakhtiga aynu wada qaatay si aan u cuneen. Waxa uu yiri: Kuwa Geedkan xun cunaan, yuusan u dhowaan naga masaajidka. Malaa'igahu way soo dareemi doontaa xanuunka (sababta oo ah waxa la ur) sida aadanuhu. (Abduh Muslim, 874)
Sigaar reebay maxaa yeelay, waa cidla ah. Haddii baakidh sigaar ah Rp 8000, markaas qofka in muddo bil ah ku qaataan Rp 240 kun oo wax isaga iyo dadka kale dhaawici lahaa. Lacagta in la isticmaali karo in lagu soo diro laba caruur ah oo uu. Ilaah ha naga fogeeyo nooca burbur ku xadgudba oo kale: "Siiya qoysaska la xiro xuquuqdooda, si ay u Miskiinka iyo socdaalka, hana bixin Xadgudub (aad si xun). . Illeen waa ku xadgudbin-ku xadgudbin bixin walaalo shaydaan, shaydaanku wuxuu u yahay iyo dissenter aad Eebihiis "[Al-Israa ': 26-27]
Sigaarku waa mamnuuc, sababtoo ah waa waxtar lahayn ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin waxay dhaawici lahaa:
Abu Hurairoh ra yiri: "Nabiga mar yiri:". Qaar ka mid ah calaamadaha wanaagsan ee Islaamka qofka waa uu ka tagay wax aan waxtar leh isaga u "(Hasan xadiiska, Qisadii by Tirmidi iyo kuwa kale) Haddii aad wax aan waxtar leh oo kaliya waxaa loola jeedaa oo dhan waa in aan si fiican Islamannya , iskaba daa dadka sameeyo wax dhaawac. Dadka sigaarka caba ku qaataan ugu yaraan 10 daqiiqo sigaar kasta in uu soo nuugid. Sidaas darteed haddii 12 sigaar maalin, ayay ku bixiso 120 daqiiqadood maalin kasta wax waa burbur. Inta badan culimada haddii kale doodi Makruh, markaas sigaarka, waxaa reebban. Sidaa darteed, waa wakhti Muslimiinta in ay ka baxaan sigaarka. Ha Muslimiinta uma qalmo inuu ku dhumin lacagta wax isaga qudhiisu oo la neceb yahay by Allah SWT magdhow.
MUI saari waa in a qiiq amaro uu Haram. Waxaa intaa dheer, culimada Saudi, Malaysia, iyo Iran horay mengharamkannya.
"Bixiyana (keen) jidka Eebe, ha iska xooro tuura burburinta, oo wanaag u sameeya, waayo, Eebe waa jecel yahay kuwa samo fala." [Al-Baqarah: 195]
Jeediyaa cilmi daliil u sigaarka dadban (xaaskiisa, carruurta, iyo dadka u dhow cabbayaa) uun helay khatar badan oo dheeraad ah. Waa maxay sababta? Sababtoo ah qofka sigaarka caba ee aan la neefsado qiiqa sigaarka. Laakiin naso qiiqa sigaarka oo la neefsado kale (sigaarka) "Hana kama dhibaysaan aadanaha oo ku saabsan xuquuqda iyo ma samayn baahsan ee dhulka inaan fasaadinno" [Ash Shu'ara: 183]
Of ra Sacad bin Saciid bin Malik, in SAW Rasululloh yiri, "mamnuuc oo dhan dhib khatar ah oo ay geeystaan." (Hasan Xadiiska Qisadii by Ibn Majah, Daruquthni, iyo Malik in Al-Muwatha ')
Sigaarku waa mamnuuc, maxaa yeelay, marka laga soo tago in ay naftooda khatar iyo kuwa kale oo sidoo kale waa cidla ah. Ilaah ku baaqay in fataalnimo uu Ibliiska walaalkiis "Siiya qoysaska la xiro xuquuqdooda, si ay u Miskiinka iyo socdaalka, hana bixin Xadgudub (aad si xun). . Illeen fataalnimo waa Ibliisku walaalkiis oo Ibliisku waa dissenter aad Eebihiis "[Al-Israa ': 26-27]
Sigaarku waa mamnuuc, sababtoo ah waa waxtar lahayn ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin waxay dhaawici lahaa: Abu Hurairoh ra yiri: "Nabiga mar yiri:". Qaar ka mid ah calaamadaha wanaagsan ee Islaamka qofka waa uu ka tagay wax aan waxtar leh isaga u "(Hasan xadiiska, Qisadii by Tirmidi iyo kuwa kale)
Haddii warshad sigaarka ku xiray shaqaale ka ahaan doonaan shaqo la'aanta? Dawladdu waa in ay rajeynayaan this. Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in ay jiraan ku dhawaad 400 oo kun oo shaqaalaha ee Indonesia ee sigaarka lagu quudiyo 1.6 milyan oo qof (0.7%). Xukuumaddu waa in ay bixiyaan miisaaniyad in la siiyo shaqaalaha oo ah qaab dhulka caasimada u ah beeraha / taranta, lacag ganacsi, ama warshad ay u shaqeeyaan. Haddii shaqaale kasta oo kaa caawin kara Rp 50 million, waa in la miisaaniyada Rp 20 trillion oo ah qaab amaah jilicsan oo aan rahmad si looga fogaado isku dhac ay suurtagal tahay. By kor u qaadidda canshuuraha sigaarka oo ay 100% sanad ka hor xiritaanka geedka (haddii geedka xiran yahay). Laga soo bilaabo halkan la helay karaa Rp 70 trillion. Money Rp 184 trillion / sano caadi ahaan ku qaatay sigaarka weli waxaa jiri doona. Xitaa haddii aan sigaarka, caafimaadka iyo wax soo saarka qofka waa la kordhin karaa si uu u helo fursad dheeraad ah oo tusaale ahaan Rp 250 trillion / sanadkii. Lacagta uu soo iibsan karo caano, cunto, kharashka caafimaadka, iyo dugsiyada carruurtooda. Warshadaha sigaarka waxaa dhab ahaan la xiray, laakiin warshado kale sida beeraha caanaha, caanaha, caanaha iibiya, xarumaha caafimaadka, dugsiyada waxay sameyn doona nuugo shaqaalaha cusub. Weli warshad sigaarka ka hor ayaa sidoo kale ay awoodaan in ay ku nool yihiin iyo shaqada.
Ha ka baqin inaad naga fogeeyo sigaarka ah shaqaalaha warshadda sigaarka dirugukan doonaa. Haddii ay taasi muran la aqbalo, markaas khamriga iyo daroogada ayaa sidoo kale mabnuuc kama aha, maxaa yeelay, dad badan oo ka shaqeyn kartaa in a booze warshad / daroogo ama si ganacsatada khamriga / daroogada. Laakiin maxaa yeelay, waa khatar, dowladda mamnuucay daroogada. In kasta oo ay u badan si uu u nuugo shaqaalaha, weli Nabiga ma ka waaban inaad gaadhsiiso in doofaarka iyo khamriga ayaa waxaa mamnuuc ah in uu bulshada. Marka maqalka fatwa ay Muslimiinta ugu dhakhsaha badan daadanayaa khamri guryihii u galeen wadada si marka wadada si ay u urin oo khamri ah. Wax dhaawici inkastoo faa'iidooyinka sharci darro ah haddii dhaawac ka wada weyn yahay faa'iidooyinka. "Waxay ku waydiin Khamrada iyo Qamaarka waxaad. Waxaad dhahdaa: "In iyaga waxaa jira dembi weyn, iyo wax Naefi ah, waayo, nimankii, laakiinse waa dembiga ka wada weyn yahay faa'iidada ..." [Al-Baqarah: 219]
Maxaad Hore culimada kaliya hana diidina memakruhkan sigaarka
Ma loo isticmaalaa sida technology caafimaadka oo heerarka sare hadda, waxaana ay heleen caddaymo xooggan oo sigaarka dhaawici caafimaadka. Sigaarka waxaa loo arkaa kuwo aan dhib lahayn oo keliya ku xadgudba. Sidaa inta badan culimaduna kaliya memakruhkannya oo keliya.
Haddaba culumadu cadaato sigaarka waxyeelo leh oo keeni karo in ka badan 400 oo kun oo qof ayaa u dhinta sanad walba ee Indonesia si ay calaamad ugu rakibo on baakad sigaar Khatar. Sidaa darteed, waxaa habboon tahay oo kaliya culimada Indonesian qeexo sigaarka sida alaabta darrada ah. Waxaa intaa dheer, Golaha Culimadu ee Saudi Arabia, Iran, Malaysia iyo ku adkeeyey in sigaarka ahi waa reebban yahay.
Sigaar ma aha haram sababtoo ah aan la xaqiijin ayaa sheegay in sigaarka ahi waa reebban yahay. Indeed, waxaa jiray muran lahayn, maxaa yeelay Nabiga ku noolaa ee 600s BC halka sigaarka cusub ee la og yahay in 1500s markii Yurub arki Maraykan dhaladka ah qiiqa sigaarka la gubay dhuumaha. Illaa 1940 oo qof qaado sigaarka waa dhib lahayn. 1962 Dowladda Maraykanka ayaa magacaabay 10 saynisyahano taasoo keentay in ay baaraan khatarta sigaarka. In 1964 gunaanad ka koobnaa Report of General Qaliinka oggoleyn in sigaarka uu waxyeello ku yahay caafimaadka iyo dowlada ka codsaday inay talaabo ka qaado. In 1965, isticmaalka tubaakada hoos 40% tan iyo daabaco warbixinta (MS Encarta). Sigaarka waxaa ku jira 4000 oo walxaha kiimikada oo 43 oo ka mid ah kuwii kansarka keenaayey. 90% ka mid ah kansarka sambabada waxaa sababa sigaarka, halka inta kale yihiin dad sigaarka cabba dadban. Ku dhowaad 442 kun oo qof oo ku nool Mareykanka dhintaan sanad walba sabab u tahay sigaar cabista. Sigaarka sababta paru2 kansarka, cunaha, kaadi, kelyaha, iwm Pack ee sigaarka waxaa si cad u sheegay in sigaar keeni kara kansarka, wadno xanuun, dhibaatooyin caafimaad oo uurjiifka, iyo kacsi la'aanta.
Dhammaan khatar inkasta oo magiciisana waxaa la aan soo sheegnay ee ah Quraanka iyo Xadiiska weli reebay maxaa yeelay Nabiga waxaa uu ku yiri: ". Mamnuuc ah oo dhan halis ah oo dhaawac u keeno" (Hasan Xadiiska Qisadii by Ibn Majah, Daruquthni, iyo Malik in Al-Muwatha ')
Maraykanka ayaa mamnuucay xayaysiinta sigaarka on TV-TV iyo Radio. Dadka waxaa ka mamnuuc ah in sigaar xafiisyada dawladda iyo dhismayaasha ay jiraan carruur ah (tusaale ahaan dugsiyada).
Haddii haram sigaarka, sababta culimada qaar sigaar? Sigaarka sida qabatinka daroogada keenaya qaataha sidaa darteed waa adag tahay in la joojiyo. Waa culimada aan habboonayn kuwa wax dhaxashee Nabiga uu neceb yahay falalka Ilaah ama nijaas. HK aan haboonayn sidoo kale ardayda uu weli heerka Ibtida'iyah (SD), Tsanawiyah (SMP) ama 'Aliyah (SMU) ee sigaarka. Ictiqaadsanyahay sida bulshada Xanuujin siin tusaale u ah bulshada oo ay sameeyaan wax khasab ah ama sunnada. Ma aha shaqo sax ah ku dadaala on Makruh ama Ilaah la neceb yahay. Gaar ahaan haddii aan sharci ahayn. Muslimiinta, oo ay ku jiraan culimada waa in ay ka baxaan shaki / ma cadda.
An-Nucmaan ibn Bashiir ayaa sheegay, "Waxaan maqlay Rasuulka Alle. ayuu yiri, 'Waa maxay xalaal yahay cad iyo haram waa mid cad, oo u dhexeeya waxaa jira waxyaabo musyabbihat (shaki / caddayn, cadda kosher-darrada ah), taas oo aan la yaqaan oo ay dadka intooda badan. Qof kasta oo musyabbihat hayo, markaas waa inuu si aad u nadiifiso uu sharaf iyo diinta. Oo ku alla kii sugan yahay marxad shaki, ka dibna waxa uu ahaa sida adhijir oo ku taal dalka reer mamnuucidda, ku dhawaad uu muquurtay u galay. Ogaada in Boqor kasta leeyahay ganaax dhulka ah, iyo mamnuucida dalka oo si dhab ah u ogaadaan Ilaah waa waxyaalaha la isaga reebay. Ogaada in ee jirka waxaa jira xoogaa yar oo hilib. Haddii hilib la wanaagsanaayeen, ka dibna jirka oo dhan waa wanaagsan yahay, iyo haddii ay meel ka mid ah hilibka la burburay, ka dibna jirka oo dhan in burburay. Bal eeg, kii waa wadnaha. '"(HR. Bukhaari) Laga bilaabo dood kor ku xusan, iyo sidoo kale daawooyinka, ee sigaarka darrada ah isla. Ha ka baqin saboolka ah iyo tawakkallah in Ilaah
Sigaar ahaa fatwa haram:
Muzakarah Bureau of awood Majliska Qaranka amaro uu jeer Waxaa Ehwan Islam Malaysia 37 oo isugu on 23 Mac 1995 ee Kuala Lumpur.
Amaro uu caan adduunka oo dhan in uu yahay Al-Marhum Saudi Mufti, Sheikh Abdul Aziz bin Baaz
Al-Azhar dhawaan amaro (Guddoomiyaha Azhar amaro uu Institution) hore ee kala ah Sheikh Abdullah Al-Masyd, Dr. Ahmad Cumar Hashim '(xigeenka ee Al-Azhar) iyo kuwo kale.
Culimada oo qabaa sigaarka ahi waa reebban yahay:
Dr. Yusof Al-Qardaawi u badan tahay in sharciyada sigaarka darrada ah ..
Culimada Xijaas ayaa sidoo kale u muuqdaan in ay sigaar sharci darrada ah.
Sheekh Maxamuud Syaltut u muuqdaan in ay sharciga sigaarka sharci darro ah.
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