Unfinished journey (142)

Batik History in Indonesia

Unfinished journey (142)

(The one hundred and forty-two, Depok, West Java, Indonesia, October 5, 2014, 13: 08EST)

Batik world day is celebrated each October 2, according to the statutes of the UNESCO.

Why October 2 Batik Day Called?

REPUBLIKA.CO.ID, JAKARTA - Many may wonder what the background every October 2 is set to be the batik?

It turns out that not long after the date of the day it was decided Pancasila Miracle Day became Batik Day. Precisely October 2, 2009, the UN agency for culture of batik as a UNESCO-designated Cultural Heritage for Humanity Oral and Nonbendawi (Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity).

"On October 2, 2009 UNESCO recognized batik as world heritage, this thing should be grateful," said Prayogo, curator of the Museum Batik Yogyakarta ROL when contacted on Tuesday (2/10)

In fact, according to wikipedia, this date is not only celebrated as National Batik Day, but also the UNESCO-designated as the batik world.

UNESCO wrote in its official website, Indonesian batik has many symbols that are closely linked to social status, local culture, nature and history itself. Batik is considered as the identity of the Indonesian people and become an important part of a person in Indonesia from birth to death.

Batik design

Batik

From the Indonesia Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Batik

Batik is one way of making fabrics. In addition to batik can refer to two things. The first is a fabric coloring techniques using the night to prevent the staining of a part of the fabric. In the international literature, this technique is known as a wax-resist dyeing.The second sense is a fabric or clothing made with these techniques, including the use of certain motifs that have specificity. Batik Indonesia as a whole, techniques, technology, and the development of motive and the associated culture, UNESCO has been designated as a heritage of Humanity for the oral and intangible (Masterpiecesof the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity) since October 2, 2009.[1]

The word "batik" is a portmanteau of two words: the Java language "amba", meaning"to write" and "the point" which means "the point".[need reference]

The history of batik technique

Batik textile from Niya (Tarim Basin), China

Detail of carving the worn statue of Prajnaparamita, originating from East Java to the 13th century. Flower-filled circular carvings and intricate swirl of plants is similar totraditional Javanese batik pattern.

The art of coloring cloth with techniques to block staining using the night is one of theancient art form. The discovery in Egypt showed that the technique has been knownsince the 4th century BC, with a mummy wrapping cloth found also lined the night to form a pattern. In Asia, a similar technique of batik is also applied in China during theT'ang Dynasty (618-907) as well as in India and Japan during the Nara Period (645-794). In Africa, such as batik technique known by the Yoruba Tribe in Nigeria, Soninkeand Wolof in Senegal.[2]. In Indonesia, batik is believed to have existed since the time of Majapahit, and become very popular of late XVIII century or the beginning of XIX century. Batik batik everything is produced until the beginning of XX century and newbatik cap known after World War I or the 1920s. [3]

Although the word "batik" comes from the Javanese batik in Java's own presence is not recorded. G.P. Rouffaer argues that this possibility of batik techniques introduced from India or Sri Lanka in the sixth century or the 7th. [2]On the other hand, J.L.A.Brandes (archeologist, Netherlands) and F.A. Sutjipto (historian of Indonesia) believe that the tradition of batik is native from areas such as Flores, Toraja, Halmahera andNew Guinea. It should be noted that the area is not an area that is influenced byHinduism but known to the ancient tradition has made batik.[4]

How to design batik

G.P. Rouffaer is also reporting that's been known since gringsing pattern of the 12th century in Kediri, East Java. He concluded that such a pattern can only be formed by using canting, so he argues that canting found in Java at the time about it.[4] the details of the carvings that resemble the fabric batik pattern worn by thePrajnaparamita, the Buddhist wisdom goddess statue from East Java to the 13th century. Detailed clothing showing a pattern of tendrils of plants and flower-flowerpattern similar to intricate batik traditional Javanese can be found now. This suggeststhat making batik patterns of elaborate that can only be made with the canting Javahas been known since the 13th century or even earlier.

Legend in Malay literature of the 17th century Malay Annals, tells the Admiral of Hang Nadim airport which was ordered by Sultan Mahmud to sail to India in order to get140 sheets of fabric patterns with litter of 40 types of flowers on each painting.Because it is not able to meet the orders, she makes the fabrics themselves. Butunfortunately his ship wreck on the way home and was only able to take four piecesso as to make the Sultan was disappointed.[5] by some commentators, who? litter wasinterpreted as batik.

In European literature, the batik technique was first told in the book History of Java (London, 1817) the writings of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles. He has been a Governor of the United Kingdom in Java during the Napoleon occupied the Netherlands. In1873 the Netherlands Van Rijekevorsel a merchant gave a piece of batik acquiredwhile visiting Indonesia to Ethnic Museums in Rotterdam and at the beginning of the 19th century that batik started to reach the golden age. When exhibited at theExposition Universelle in Paris in 1900, batik Indonesia amaze the public and artists.[2]

Since industrialization and globalization, which introduced a new kind of batik,automation arose, known as batik cap and batik print, while a traditional batikproduced with handwriting using canting techniques and night called batik. HughClifford record industry at the Weekend in 1895 to make batik, fabric, and fabrictelepok Rainbow.[6]

Culture

Culture

Heroine r.a. Kartini and her husband wear batik. Batik motif machetes used Kartini wasthe pattern for the nobles

Batik is a craft that have high art value and has become part of the culture ofIndonesia (especially Java) since a long time. The women of Java in the past make their skill in making batik as a livelihood, so on the past work of the Batik is an exclusivefemale jobs until he found "Batik Cap" which allows the entry of men into the field.There are some exceptions to this phenomenon, namely coastal batik has a masculine, as can be seen in the pattern of "Mega light rain", whereby in some coastal areas of work is common for both men.

Batik tradition was originally a tradition that is hereditary, so sometimes a discerniblemotive came from a certain family of batik. Some of the motifs can show the status of a person. Even until today, some motifs tadisional is only used by the Royal family ofYogyakarta and Surakarta.

Cirebon Batik motif accented

Batik is the ancestral heritage of Indonesia (Java) which still exists. Batik also was first introduced to the world by President Suharto, who at the time was wearing batik atthe UN Conference.

Batik is used to wrap the whole body by the dancers Dance Piece Bedhoyo in thepalaces of Java.

Batik patterns

Variety of shades and colors of Batik is influenced by a variety of foreign influences.Originally, batik has a variety of shades and colors are limited, and some features can only be used by certain circles. However coastal batik absorbs various external influences, such as foreign traders and also at the end, the invaders. Bright colors likered, popularized by the Chinese, who also popularized the style of phoenix. TheEuropean colonists also took a keen interest in the batik, and the result is the pattern of previously unknown bebungaan (like tulips) and also the objects brought by thecolonizers (building or horse-drawn carriage), as well as their favorite colors such asblue. Traditional Batik retaining Parameswara converted, and is still used in indigenousceremonies, because normally each pattern has the symbolism of each.

How to manufacture

The original hand-made on the material with a white color that is made from cottonfabric called mori. This batik is also made on other materials such as silk, rayon, polyester and other synthetic materials. Batik Motif formed with liquid wax using a tool called a canting for the subtle motifs, or a Paintbrush to a large motif, so that the liquid wax seeped into the fibers of the fabric. Fabrics that have been painted with waxand then dyed with the desired color, usually starts from young colours. Immersionlater done for other motifs with color or dark. After some time the tinting process, was painted with batik fabric that has been dipped in chemicals to dissolve the wax.

Types of batik

Batik Pekalongan

Batik cap

According to engineering

Batik is a cloth decorated with batik patterns using teksture and hands. This type of making batik take approximately 2-3 months.

Batik cloth cap is adorned with teksture and batik pattern formed with cap (usuallymade of copper). The process of batik making this type takes approximately 2-3 days.

Batik is the process of batik making with a direct way to paint on a white cloth.

According to the origin of creation

Java Batik

Java is a cultural arts heritage of Indonesia, particularly Java the Java people possessedof hereditary. Java has different motives. The difference of this motif is commondikarnakan motifs that have meaning, that is not just an image but contain meanings that they can from their ancestors, i.e. religion, animism, Hindu and Buddhist ordynamism. Many develop in Java Batik Solo or commonly known with batik Solo.

Batik Motif

Batik Three Land

Java Batik Hokokai, 1942-1945

Buketan Batik Pekalongan origin with European influence design

Batik Buketan

Batik Lasem

Based on region of origin

Bali Batik

Batik Banyumas

Batik Madura

Batik Malang

Batik Pekalongan

Batik Solo

Batik Of Yogyakarta

Batik Tasik

Batik In Aceh

Batik Cirebon

Batik Jombang

Batik Indonesia

Batik Tulungagung

Batik Kediri

Holy Batik

Batik/Batik Kartini Jepara

Batik Brebes

Products Batik

Batik Netherlands

Japan Batik

Based on the pattern of

Batik Kraton

Batik Sudagaran

Batik Cuwiri

Batik Peasant

Batik Clamp

Batik Sida Mukti

Batik Sekar Universe

Batik Pringgondani

Batik Kawung

Batik Sida Sublime

Batik Sida Asih

Batik Cement Rama (Continoe)